TABLE 3.
Variables* Associated (P < 0.10) With Black Race Among Non–Self-Reported HIV-Positive MSM in NYC, 2011
| Variable | Total, n (Column %) | Black Race, n (Row %) | OR (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 416 (100) | 81 (19.5) | — | — |
| Recruitment venue | ||||
| Bar | 269 (64.7) | 35 (13.0) | 1.0 | |
| Park | 61 (14.7) | 27 (44.3) | 5.9 (3.3–10.7) | <0.0001 |
| Other | 86 (20.7) | 19 (22.1) | 2.3 (1.3–4.1) | 0.005 |
| Borough of residence | ||||
| Manhattan | 149 (35.8) | 28 (18.8) | 0.6 (0.4–1.1) | 0.11 |
| Queens | 76 (18.3) | 8 (10.5) | 0.3 (0.1–0.7) | 0.007 |
| Brooklyn | 102 (24.5) | 28 (27.5) | 1.0 | |
| Bronx | 87 (20.9) | 17 (19.5) | 0.6 (0.3–1.3) | 0.20 |
| Staten Island | 2 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | † | † |
| Sexual identity | ||||
| Gay | 324 (78.1) | 56 (17.3) | 0.5 (0.3–0.9) | 0.02 |
| Bisexual/Heterosexual | 91 (21.9) | 25 (27.5) | 1.0 | |
| Education | ||||
| <High school graduate | 35 (8.4) | 15 (42.9) | 3.0 (1.5–5.9) | 0.002 |
| ≥High school graduate | 381 (91.6) | 66 (17.3) | 1.0 | |
| Employed (currently) | ||||
| Yes | 282 (67.8) | 41 (14.5) | 1.0 | |
| No | 134 (32.2) | 40 (29.9) | 2.1 (1.3–3.4) | 0.001 |
| Income (past 12 mo), US$ | ||||
| <20,000 | 159 (38.2) | 44 (27.7) | 2.5 (1.6–4.0) | 0.0001 |
| ≥20,000 | 257 (61.8) | 37 (14.4) | 1.0 | |
| Ever homeless (past 12 mo) | ||||
| Yes | 62 (14.9) | 23 (37.1) | 3.0 (1.7–5.4) | <0.001 |
| No | 354 (85.1) | 58 (16.4) | 1.0 | |
| Incarcerated >24 h (past 12 mo) | ||||
| Yes | 35 (8.4) | 12 (34.3) | 2.2 (1.1–4.6) | 0.03 |
| No | 381 (91.6) | 69 (18.1) | 1.0 | |
| HIV test (past 12 mo) | ||||
| Yes | 316 (76.0) | 55 (17.4) | 1.0 | |
| No | 100 (24.0) | 26 (26.0) | 1.7 (1.0–2.8) | <0.07 |
| Sex with a female (past 12 mo) | ||||
| Yes | 31 (7.5) | 12 (38.7) | 2.8 (1.4–5.8) | 0.005 |
| No | 385 (92.5) | 69 (17.9) | 1.0 | |
| Receiving drugs or money in exchange for sex (past 12 mo) | ||||
| Yes | 39 (9.4) | 17 (43.6) | 3.3 (1.7–6.4) | 0.0004 |
| No | 377 (90.6) | 64 (17.0) | 1.0 | |
| Black last sex partner | ||||
| Yes | 93 (22.4) | 38 (40.9) | 4.6 (2.8–7.5) | <0.001 |
| No | 322 (77.6) | 43 (13.4) | 1.0 | |
| HIV infection | ||||
| Positive | 36 (8.7) | 20 (55.6) | 6.5 (3.2–13.3) | <0.0001 |
| Negative | 380 (91.3) | 61 (16.1) | 1.0 |
Other variables that were analyzed but were not significantly (P ≥ 0.10) associated with black race included the following: age; told others attracted to and/or has sex with men; has medical insurance; visited health care provider in the past 12 months; receiving free condoms in the past 12 months; receiving HIV counseling in the past 12 months (1:1 counseling, group counseling); alcohol and drug use in the past 12 months (binge drinking, any noninjection stimulant drug use, other noninjection drug use excluding marijuana, and marijuana use only); sexual risk behaviors in the past 12 months (>3 male sex partners, unprotected anal intercourse with a male, concurrent sexual partnerships, meeting sex partners on the Internet or smart phone app); last sex partner characteristics (same race/ethnicity as participant, age relative to the participant’s age, HIV positive); ever injected drugs; and any STD in the past 12 months.
Odds ratio and P value not applicable because of zero cell frequency.