Table 1.

Demographics of the study participants.

	Familial LD	Unaffected Relatives	Healthy Controls
Number of participants	21	21	32
Age (years; mean ± st. dev.)	56.2 ± 15.8	48.5 ± 16.0	50.2 ± 11.0
Sex (female/male)	19/2	17/4	20/12
Familial relationship	proband	in relation to proband, 1 unaffected member per family 2 parents 9 children 9 siblings 1 first cousin once removed	none
Family history of dystonia (in relation to proband)	15 families: 2 affected		none
	4 families: 3 affected
	2 families: 4 affected
	_______________
	8 families: parent/child
	5 families: sibling
	2 families: half-sibling
	2 families: grandparent
	1 family: aunt
	3 families: first cousin
	1 family: granduncle
	1 family: grandnephew
	1 family: first cousin once removed
	1 family: second cousin
Dystonia type	15 adductor: 6 abductor	N/A	N/A
Symptom Onset (years; mean ± st. dev.)	40.3 ± 17.3	N/A	N/A
Symptom Duration (years; mean ± st. dev.)	15.9 ± 10.9	N/A	N/A
Genetic status	Negative for TOR1A/DYT1, TUBB4A/DYT4, THAP1/DYT6, GNAL/DYT25, KMT2B/DYT28 and GNAO1 mutations
Language	Native English
Cognitive status	Mini-Mental State Examination ≥27