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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jul 16.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Stem Cell. 2021 Apr 1;28(4):589–591. doi: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.03.008

Figure 1. The mechanisms through which obesity leads to adipose tissue dysfunction.

Figure 1.

Under an obese condition, reduced oxygen level (hypoxia) in adipose tissues trigger the HIF1α-induced phosphorylation of PPARγ S112 via ERK signaling in PDGFRβ+ progenitor cells. This signaling cascade leads to the activation of pro-fibrotic genes while suppressing the pro-adipogenic program. Reduced mitochondrial OXPHOS activity also leads to the activation of pro-inflammatory genes and repression of adipogenic potential in adipose PDGFRβ+ cells.