TABLE 1.
Patient demographic and baseline characteristics. a
| Characteristic | Group 2 | Group 1 | p value | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Leflunomide + SOC) | (Standard of care) | |||
| (N = 15) | (N = 12) | (N = 27) | ||
| Median age (IQR), years | 65 (43–70) | 62 (46–69.5) | 0.64 | 62 (43–70) |
| <50 | 4 (27) | 3 (25) | 1.00 | 7 (26) |
| 50 to <70 | 6 (40) | 6 (50) | 0.71 | 12 (45) |
| ≥70 | 5 (33) | 3 (25) | 0.70 | 8 (29) |
| Male sex | 10 (67) | 4 (33) | 0.13 | 14 (52) |
| Mean duration of symptom onset or SARS-CoV-2 positivity before enrollment (IQR), days | 47 (44–49) | 42.5 (38–51.5) | 0.66 | 45 (41–50) |
| Severe COVID-19 on admission | 6 (40) | 6 (50) | 0.71 | 12 (44) |
| Mild/Common COVID-19 on admission | 9 (60) | 6 (50) | 0.71 | 15 (56) |
| Clinical manifestations on admission | ||||
| Fever | 11 (73) | 10 (83) | 0.66 | 21 (78) |
| Dyspnea | 9 (60) | 7 (58) | 1.00 | 16 (59) |
| Laboratory findings (IQR) | ||||
| Median ALT, IU/L | 23.5 (18–41.8) | 43 (24–77) | 0.12 | 26 (20.5–61.5) |
| Median AST, IU/L | 21 (18–35.3) | 34 (21–42) | 0.24 | 24 (18.5–35.5) |
| Median creatinine, μmol/L | 55 (50–71.8) | 54 (48–68) | 0.22 | 54 (50–69) |
| Median leucocyte count—× 109/L | 4.4 (3.7–6.3) | 5.1 (4.6–5.8) | 0.84 | 5.0 (4.2–6.1) |
| Median lymphocyte count—× 109/L | 1.6 (0.9–2.3) | 1.4 (1.1–1.7) | 0.52 | 1.4 (1.0–1.8) |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Any condition | 10 (67) | 8 (67) | 1.00 | 18 (67) |
| Hypertension | 4 (27) | 3 (25) | 1.00 | 7 (26) |
| Diabetes | 1 (7) | 1 (8) | 1.00 | 2 (7) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 4 (27) | 1 (8) | 0.34 | 5 (19) |
| Cardiovascular disease | 2 (13) | 1 (8) | 1.00 | 3 (11) |
| Cancer | 1 (7) | 0 | 1.00 | 1 (4) |
a
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase. Data are expressed as n (%) unless otherwise specified.