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. 2020 Sep 8;9(1):1965–1973. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1813636

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© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group, on behalf of Shanghai Shangyixun Cultural Communication Co., Ltd

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 1. — Validation of SARS-CoV-2 protein micro-array. (A) Specificity of SARS-CoV-2 VNT₅₀ and SARS-CoV-2 S1 and N antigens on the HCoV-PMA measured with pre-COVID-19 sera from different cohorts that were sampled between 2011 and 2019. (B) Sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 S1 and N antigen protein micro-array determined with 449 sera of 330 RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases, analysed by days post onset symptoms and severity of disease: i.e. mild (no admission to hospital), moderate (admission to hospital, but not ICU) and severe (admitted to ICU and/or deceased). (C) Heatmap displaying log10-transformed micro-array titres of 255 pre-COVID-19 cohorts sera, and sera of 449 RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases against antigens of all currently circulating coronaviruses (colour key of titres indicated in the top left corner: green – negative/low titres, red – high titres, white – not done). The cohorts are: (A) healthy blood donors, (B) acute cytomegalovirus patients, (C) acute Epstein–Barr virus patients, (D) patients with recent PCR-confirmed seasonal HCoV infection, (E) patients with recent non-coronavirus influenza-like-illness infection, (F) patients with respiratory complaints of unknown aetiology and (G) cases with RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. All sera from cohorts A-F were sampled between 2011 and 2019.