Table 1.
Baseline Subject Characteristics According to the Incidence of MCI
| Characteristic | Normal (n=1187) | MCI (n=199) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 73.01±5.842 | 75.85±7.239 | <0.001 |
| Gender | <0.001 | ||
| Men (%) | 44.1 | 27.1 | |
| Women (%) | 55.9 | 72.9 | |
| BMI (kg/h2) | 23.67±3.480 | 23.61±3.289 | 0.822 |
| Widowed (%) | 18.0 | 35.7 | <0.001 |
| Living alone (%) | 15.3 | 30.2 | <0.001 |
| Farming (%) | 51.3 | 67.3 | <0.001 |
| Education | <0.001 | ||
| Illiterate (%) | 32.2 | 64.3 | |
| Primary school or less (%) | 35.9 | 12.1 | |
| Junior high school (%) | 24.9 | 17.6 | |
| Senior high school (%) | 5.1 | 5.0 | |
| College (%) | 0.8 | 0 | |
| Smoking (%) | 15.4 | 14.1 | 0.748 |
| Drinking (%) | 28.2 | 28.3 | 1.000 |
| SPPB score | 10.37±2.042 | 9.41±2.396 | <0.001 |
| Balance | 3.47±0.889 | 3.23±0.998 | 0.001 |
| Walking speed | 3.78±0.595 | 3.53±0.803 | <0.001 |
| Chair stands | 3.12±1.113 | 2.65±1.238 | <0.001 |
| GDS score | 5.56±4.568 | 6.70±5.418 | 0.002 |
| Depression | 11.5 | 17.7 | 0.014 |
| MNA score | 24.62±2.471 | 24.20±2.411 | 0.025 |
| Malnutrition | 2.4 | 2.5 | |
| Risk of malnutrition | 34.3 | 43.7 | |
| Well-nourished | 63.3 | 53.8 | |
| ASM (kg) | 17.28±3.856 | 16.36±3.313 | 0.003 |
| IPAQ (Met/week) | 7016.62±7002.34 | 5700.33±5435.72 | 0.012 |
| Number of diseases | |||
| Diabetes (%) | 16.3 | 16.6 | 0.913 |
| Hypertension (%) | 61.6 | 67.8 | 0.064 |
| Hyperlipidemia (%) | 12.6 | 9.0 | 0.185 |
| Gout (%) | 6.2 | 4.0 | 0.088 |
| Stroke (%) | 10.2 | 13.1 | 0.238 |
| Heart disease (%) | 33.5 | 35.2 | 0.331 |
| Cancer (%) | 3.9 | 3.0 | 0.336 |
| Osteoarthritis (%) | 16.0 | 20.6 | 0.096 |
| Peptic ulcer (%) | 14.4 | 10.6 | 0.149 |
| Parkinson (%) | 1.2 | 1.0 | 0.386 |
Notes: Data are presented as means ± SD or percentage (%).
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; SPPB, Short Physical Performance Battery score; MNA, Mini Nutritional Assessment; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; ASM, Appendicular Skeletal Mass; IPAQ, International Physical Activity.