Transition from Healthy Young Adulthood to Development of CVD Risk Factors
There are diverse trajectories of CVD RF changes by race and sex through young adulthood Early RF exposures are important determinants of risk, and patterns of RF change add information in predicting future CVD risk
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Obesity Incidence as a Function of Young Adult Behaviors
During the American obesity epidemic, CARDIA participants have experienced similar degrees of BMI gain regardless of race, sex, and baseline BMI Diet quality and patterns of physical and sedentary activity are significantly associated with weight gain
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Transitions from CVD RFs to Subclinical CVD and Clinical Events
CVD RFs are major determinants of CAC in younger adults, and CAC measured at ages 32-46 years is strongly associated with premature coronary events in adults Longitudinal changes in LV structure and function through young adulthood are evident in Black and White men and women, and are associated with cumulative risk factor exposures.
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Metabolic Health through Young Adulthood – Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetes, and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
RF changes and incidence of metabolic syndrome through young adulthood are associated with amount of weight gain over time, rather than baseline weight Duration of higher BMI exposure and especially central adiposity are important predictors of DM and NAFLD
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Incidence and Predictors of Premature Cardiovascular Events
Black young adults are at substantially higher risk for premature incidence of heart failure and stroke, largely related to higher BP levels, even within normative ranges Poor CVH status in late adolescence is a significant predictor of premature ASCVD events, and high CVH is associated with very low risk
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Longitudinal Pulmonary Function and Lung and Cardiovascular Outcomes
Peak lung function in early adulthood is an important metric of future lung and cardiovascular health; lung function declines throughout adulthood in all groups, more rapidly in cigarette smokers Pulmonary function over time is associated with downstream LV structure and function, as well as with heart failure and stroke incidence
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Health Disparities Associated with Self-identified Race and Discrimination
Major disparities exist by self-identified race in health behaviors and RFs, even in young adulthood, leading to evidence of more rapid biological aging in Black participants Disparities in RFs and behaviors are significantly associated with lived and internalized experiences of discrimination
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Cognitive Function and Brain Health in Mid-Life
Diet and CVH status in young adulthood, as well as cumulative RF exposures through young adulthood, are associated with mid-life cognitive function CVD RF levels through young adulthood are associated with measurable differences in brain volume, white matter lesions, and cerebral blood flow in mid-life
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Social Determinants of Health as Mediators of Racial Disparities
Social determinants of health (socioeconomic position, education, individual- and neighborhood-level assets) largely account for disparities in CVD RFs between Black and White participants Neighborhood segregation is associated with worse RF levels, and moving to lower segregated neighborhoods is associated with improvement
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Effects of Chronic Marijuana Exposure on Health
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