Table 1.
Cohort characteristics
| Prostatectomy cohort | ||
| Preintervention cohort (prescribed > 5 pills) | Postintervention cohort (prescribed 5 pills) | |
| Number of patients (n) | 137 | 56 |
| Age (mean (SD)) | 63.43 (6.49) | 62.88 (6.78) |
| BMI (mean (SD)) | 27.99 (4.90) | 28.57 (3.35) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Indexa (n, %) | ||
| 2 | 3 (2.9) | 0 (0.0) |
| 3 | 30 (29.4) | 17 (30.4) |
| 4 | 37 (36.3) | 23 (41.1) |
| 5 or greater | 32 (31.4) | 16 (28.6) |
| Gleason scoreb (n, %) | ||
| 6 | 10 (7.8) | 2 (4.0) |
| 7 | 106 (82.8) | 42 (84.0) |
| 8 or greater | 12 (9.4) | 6 (12.0) |
| Alcohol abuse (n, %) | 5 (3.6) | 0 (0.0) |
| Depression (n, %) | 9 (6.6) | 4 (7.1) |
| Anxiety (n, %) | 18 (13.1) | 3 (5.4) |
| Chronic pain (n, %) | 10 (7.3) | 10 (17.9) |
| Current opioid usec (n, %) | 2 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) |
| Diabetes (n, %) | 18 (13.1) | 0 |
| Partial nephrectomy cohort | ||
| Preintervention cohort (prescribed > 15 pills) | Postintervention cohort (prescribed ≤ 15 pills) | |
| Number of patients (n) | 44 | 29 |
| Age (mean (SD)) | 57.45 (13.8) | 58.00 (11.4) |
| Male (n, %) | 29 (65.9) | 17 (58.6) |
| Charlson score (n, %) | ||
| 0 | 4 (11.1) | 5 (17.2) |
| 1 | 9 (25.0) | 7 (24.1) |
| 2 | 8 (22.2) | 5 (17.2) |
| 3 | 9 (25.0) | 5 (17.2) |
| 4 or greater | 6 (16.7) | 7 (24.1) |
| BMI (mean (SD)) | 30.40 (5.94) | 30.58 (7.26) |
| Tumor size (mean (SD)) | 3.35 (1.31) | 3.57 (1.67) |
| Alcohol abuse (n, %) | 3 (6.8) | 0 (0.0) |
| Depression (n, %) | 6 (13.6) | 6 (20.7) |
| Anxiety (n, %) | 12 (27.3) | 7 (24.1) |
| Chronic pain (n, %) | 6 (13.6) | 5 (17.2) |
| Diabetes (n, %) | 7 (15.9) | 6 (20.7) |
Comorbid conditions are defined as any history of the conditions recorded in the patient chart; numbers reported here reflect the number of patients with a documented history of the condition in the electronic medical record.
a
Charlson Comorbidity Index was calculated from comorbidities reported in the electronic medical record (higher values represent higher comorbid burden).
b
Gleason score reflects the aggressiveness of prostate cancer, with higher values more aggressive prostate cancer.
c
Current opioid use was defined as active opioid use at the time of surgery.