Table 2.
Prevalence of refractive errors in the included studies
| Author |
Myopia |
High myopia |
Hyperopia |
Astigmatism |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Definition |
Prevalence |
Definition |
Prevalence |
Definition |
Prevalence |
Definition |
Prevalence |
|
| Guo et al. (NA)* [14] |
SE≤-0.5D |
1.95 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| Guo et al. (2014) [15] |
SE≤-0.5D |
47.3 |
SE≤-6.0D |
1.8 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| Guo et al. (2016) [11] |
SE≤-0.5D |
70.9 |
SE≤-6.0D |
8.6 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| Han et al. (2015) [16] |
SE≤-0.25D |
62.6 |
SE≤-6.0D |
1.3 |
SE≥0.5D |
11.3 |
SE≥0.5D |
11 |
| Han et al. (2013) [17] |
SE≤-0.75D |
48.02 |
SE<-6.0D |
11.5 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| Li et al. (2013) [22] |
SE≤-0.5D |
82.7 |
NA |
7.1 |
SE≥0.5D |
7.5 |
NA |
NA |
| Li et al. (2013) [24] |
SE≤-1.0D |
5.9 |
SE≤-6.0D |
0.1 |
SE≥2.0D |
1 |
SE≥1.0D |
12.7 |
| Li et al. (2011, 2012) [23] | SE≤-0.5D |
3.9 |
SE≤-6.0D |
0.1 |
SE≥2.0D |
23.3 |
SE≥0.75D |
25.6 |
| SE≤-0.5D |
67.3 |
SE≤-6.0D |
2.7 |
SE≥2.0D |
1.2 |
SE≥0.75D |
28.3 |
|
| Li et al. (2008) [25] |
SE≤-0.5D |
5 |
NA |
NA |
SE≥0.5D |
1.6 |
SE≥0.75D |
2 |
| Lin et al. (1983, 1986, 1990, 1995) [26] |
SE<-0.25D |
62.1 |
SE<-6.0D |
8.9 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| SE<-0.25D |
57.5 |
SE<-6.0D |
7 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
| SE<-0.25D |
56.8 |
SE<-6.0D |
5.5 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
| SE<-0.25D |
63.2 |
SE<-6.0D |
10.6 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
| Lin et al. (2000) [27] |
SE<-0.25D |
61.4 |
SE<-6.0D |
7.1 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| Lyu et al. [28] |
SE≤-0.5D |
36.7 |
NA |
NA |
SE≥2.0D |
2.4 |
SE≥1.0D |
28.1 |
| Qian et al. (2017) [33] |
SE≤-0.75D |
42.8 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| Qian et al. (2014) [47] |
SE<-0.5D |
39.1 |
SE<-6.0D |
0.6 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| Hsu et al. [20] |
SE≤-0.5D |
36.4 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| Hu et al.[21] |
SE≤-0.5D |
8 |
NA |
NA |
SE≥2.0D |
NA |
SE≥0.75D |
NA |
| Lam et al.[12] |
SE<-0.5D |
47.5 |
SE<-6.0D |
1.8 |
SE>0.5D |
8.1 |
NA |
NA |
| Pan et al.[30] | SE<-0.5D |
2.4 |
SE<-6.0D |
0.1 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| SE<-0.5D |
29.4 |
SE<-6.0D |
0.4 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
| Pi et al.(2006-2007)[31] |
SE≤-0.5D |
13.75 |
NA |
NA |
SE≥1.5D |
12.51 |
SE≥0.5D |
11.17 |
| Pi et al.(2006)[32] |
SE≤-0.5D |
13.7 |
NA |
NA |
SE≥2.0D |
3.3 |
SE≥1.0D |
3.7 |
| Shi et al.[34] |
SE≤-0.5D |
63.8 |
SE<-6.0D |
1.1 |
SE>0.5D |
4.2 |
NA |
NA |
| Ma et al.[29] |
SE≤-0.5D |
20.1 |
SE≤-6.0D |
0.3 |
SE≥2.0D |
11.4 |
SE≤-1.0D |
23 |
| Congdon et al.[43] |
SE<-0.5D |
62.3 |
SE<-6.0D |
1.9 |
SE≥2.0D |
0.2 |
SE>0.75D |
1.7 |
| Wu et al.(NA) [37] |
SE≤-0.5D |
36.9 |
SE≤-6.0D |
2 |
SE>0.5D |
48.6 |
SE≥0.75D |
36.3 |
| Wu et al.(NA) [38] |
SE≤-1.0D |
80.7 |
SE≤-6.0D |
9.9 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| Wang et al.(2009)[35] |
SE≤-0.75D |
48.07 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| SE≤-0.75D |
68.28 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
| Wang et al.(2011)[36] |
SE≤-1.0D |
0.9 |
NA |
NA |
SE≥2.0D |
14.3 |
SE≥1.0D |
8.8 |
| Xia et al.[39] |
SE<-0.5D |
14.5 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| Yang et al.[40] |
SE≤-0.5D |
49.8 |
SE≤-6.0D |
3 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| You et al.[41] |
SE≤-1.0D |
53 |
SE≤-6.0D |
4.3 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| Zeng et al.[42] |
SE≤-0.5D |
24.15 |
SE<-6.0D |
0.64 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| Dong et al.[51] |
SE≤-0.5D |
47.4 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| SE≤-0.5D |
55.6 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
| SE≤-0.5D |
57.2 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
| Fan et al.[44] |
SE≤-0.5D |
36.71 |
SE≤-6.0D |
1.19 |
SE≥2.0D |
4 |
SE≥1.0D |
18.1 |
| He et al.(2002) [45] |
SE≤-0.5D |
35.1 |
NA |
NA |
SE≥2.0D |
5.8 |
SE≥0.75D |
33.6 |
| He et al.(2005) [18] |
SE≤-0.5D |
42.4 |
NA |
NA |
SE≥2.0D |
1.2 |
SE≥0.75D |
25.3 |
| He et al.(2002) [19] |
SE≤-0.5D |
35.1 |
NA |
NA |
SE>2.0D |
5.8 |
SE≥0.75D |
33.6 |
| Lan et al. [46] |
SE≤-0.5D |
1 |
SE≤-6.0D |
0.1 |
SE≥2.0D |
25.2 |
SE≥1.5D |
8.2 |
| Zhao et al. [49] |
SE≤-0.5D |
14.9 |
NA |
NA |
SE≥2.0D |
2.6 |
SE≥0.75D |
15 |
| Shih et al. [50] | NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
SE≥0.5D |
42.5 |
| NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
SE≥0.5D |
51 |
|
| Sun et al. [48] |
SE<-0.5D |
52.02 |
SE≤-6.0D |
5.7 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| Li et al. (2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015) [13] |
SE<-0.5D |
55.95 |
SE<-6.0D |
3.96 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| SE<-0.5D |
56.49 |
SE<-6.0D |
4.18 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
| SE<-0.5D |
58.47 |
SE<-6.0D |
4.75 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
| SE<-0.5D |
60.54 |
SE<-6.0D |
4.98 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
| SE<-0.5D |
60.79 |
SE<-6.0D |
5.52 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
| SE<-0.5D |
61.13 |
SE<-6.0D |
5.89 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
| SE<-0.5D |
61.84 |
SE<-6.0D |
5.92 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
| SE<-0.5D |
62.77 |
SE<-6.0D |
6.02 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
| SE<-0.5D |
63.84 |
SE<-6.0D |
6.42 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
| SE<-0.5D | 65.48 | SE<-6.0D | 6.69 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
SE – spherical equivalent, D – diopters, NA – not available
*Study year are shown in the brackets for authors with the same name.