Table 2.
Prevalence of fast-food consumption among adolescents by sociodemographic characteristics, BMI, and eating out behaviour
| Variables | Frequency of fast food consumption per week | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4–7 days (n = 3637) |
1–3 days (n = 18,232) |
0 day (n = 4467) |
||||
| % | 95% CI | % | 95% CI | % | 95% CI | |
| Age group | ||||||
| 16–18 years | 12.8 | (11.5–14.2) | 69.4 | (67.8–71.0) | 17.8 | (16.3–19.4) |
| 13–15 years | 13.1 | (12.3–14.0) | 70.0 | (69.0–71.1) | 16.8 | (15.7–18.0) |
| 10–12 years | 15.4 | (14.0–17.0) | 66.7 | (64.8–68.6) | 17.8 | (16.3–19.5) |
| Sex | ||||||
| Girls | 13.1 | (12.2–14.0) | 71.3 | (70.2–72.4) | 15.6 | (14.5–16.8) |
| Boys | 13.9 | (13.0–14.9) | 67.3 | (66.1–68.4) | 18.8 | (17.7–20.0) |
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| Malay | 15.1 | (14.2–16.0) | 70.9 | (69.9–71.9) | 14.0 | (13.2–15.0) |
| Indian | 10.7 | (9.1–12.6) | 69.8 | (67.2–72.4) | 19.5 | (17.0–22.2) |
| Indigenous from East Malaysia | 17.9 | (15.6–20.4) | 65.9 | (63.2–68.6) | 16.2 | (13.9–18.7) |
| Other | 14.3 | (10.5–19.2) | 68.2 | (64.0–72.2) | 17.5 | (13.5–22.3) |
| Chinese | 7.3 | (6.4–8.3) | 66.2 | (64.2–68.1) | 26.5 | (24.6–28.5) |
| Locality of schools | ||||||
| Central zone | 13.1 | (11.5–15.0) | 70.8 | (68.9–72.7) | 16.1 | (14.1–18.2) |
| Southern zone | 13.1 | (11.5–14.9) | 68.7 | (67.0–70.4) | 18.2 | (16.3–20.4) |
| East coast zone | 15.3 | (13.9–16.8) | 68.4 | (66.6–70.2) | 16.3 | (14.5–18.2) |
| East Malaysia | 17.0 | (15.2–19.0) | 67.0 | (64.8–69.1) | 16.0 | (14.0–18.2) |
| Northern zone | 10.2 | (9.0–11.4) | 70.6 | (68.8–72.3) | 19.2 | (17.2–21.5) |
| BMI-for-age | ||||||
| Underweight | 12.7 | (11.0–14.7) | 70.7 | (68.2–73.0) | 16.6 | (14.6–18.9) |
| Overweight | 14.0 | (12.8–15.4) | 68.8 | (67.1–70.5) | 17.1 | (15.7–18.7) |
| Obese | 13.9 | (12.3–15.6) | 68.9 | (66.8–70.9) | 17.3 | (15.5–19.1) |
| Normal | 13.4 | (12.6–14.2) | 69.3 | (68.4–70.2) | 17.3 | (16.3–18.4) |
| Eating out per week | ||||||
| >6 times | 26.2 | (23.1–29.5) | 59.0 | (55.6–62.3) | 14.8 | (12.6–17.4) |
| 3–5 times | 20.1 | (18.3–22.0) | 66.7 | (64.9–68.5) | 13.2 | (11.7–14.9) |
| 1–2 times | 12.0 | (11.1–12.8) | 73.0 | (72.1–73.9) | 15.0 | (14.0–16.1) |
| Never | 9.9 | (8.7–11.2) | 61.4 | (59.3–63.4) | 28.7 | (26.7–30.8) |