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. 2021 May 15;41(7):560–575. doi: 10.1002/cac2.12158

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

ALYREF promotes glycolysis and proliferation of BCa cells. (A) There are 569 genes significantly changed in ALYREF knockdown (shALYREF) compared to control (shNC) 5637 cells. The results were determined by RNA‐seq and shown by the volcano plot. (B) GSEA showes that the glycolysis set is strongly correlated with ALYREF. Significantly regulated genes are also presented. (C) A Venn diagram showes 206 overlapping genes between RNA‐seq data from the present study and ALYREF RIP‐seq data from Yang et al. [41]. (D, E, F) Effects of ALYREF knockdown, ALYREF wild‐type overexpression, or ALYREF mutation overexpression on glucose utilization, lactic acid production, and intracellular ATP level in 5637 and T24 cells. (G) Effects of ALYREF knockdown, ALYREF wild‐type overexpression, or ALYREF mutation overexpression on cell proliferation detected by CCK‐8 assays. (H) The efficiencies of cell colony formation in BCa cells with ALYREF knockdown. (I) Effects of ALYREF wild‐type or ALYREF mutation overexpression on cell proliferation measured by CCK‐8 assays. (J, K, L) Effects of ALYREF knockdown or overexpression on tumor volume and weight in nude mouse xenograft models. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001. Abbreviations: shALYREF, knockdown of Aly/REF export factor; NC, negative control; shNC, negative control of knockdown; ES, enrichment score; FDR, false discovery rate; GPI, glucose‐6‐phosphate isomerase; PPP2R1A, protein phosphatase 2 scaffold subunit Aalpha; ALDOA, aldolase, fructose‐bisphosphate A; TPI1, triosephosphate isomerase 1; ENO1, enolase 1; PFKL, phosphofructokinase, liver type; PKM2, Pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme M2; RIP‐seq, RNA Iimmunoprecipitation sequencing; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; ALY‐WT, Aly/REF export factor wild type; ALY‐MUT, Aly/REF export factor mutation; ALY‐OE, Aly/REF export factor overexpression; CCK‐8 assay, cell counting kit‐8 assay; BCa, bladder cancer.