Table 1.
Cases of persistent and prolonged COVID-19 infections occurring in lymphoma patients.
| Case Number | Reporter, Year | Sex | Age | Lymphoma type | Disease Status of Lymphoma | Type of Most Recent Chemotherapy | Time From Last Therapy to COVID-19 Infection | Persistence of COVID-19 Infection | Treatment for COVID-19 | Development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies | Outcome / Last Follow up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tepasse et al., 2020 | M | 65 | DLBCL | N/A | R-DeVIC | 2 weeks | 23 days from onset | invasive ventilation | N/A | died of COVID-19 at 23 days from onset |
| 2 | Tepasse et al., 2020 | M | 66 | MCL | CR | maintenance rituximab + ibrutinib | 2 weeks | 30 days from onset | invasive ventilation | N/A | died of COVID-19 at 30 days from onset |
| 3 | Karataş et al., 2020 | M | 61 | PTCL | PR | ASCT with BEAM conditioning | 100 days from ASCT | > 85 days from onset | hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, convalescent plasma | N/A | alive with active COVID-19 symptoms for >85 days |
| 4 | Clark et al., 2020 | F | 76 | MZL | N/A | BR | 10 days | 86 days from onset | lopinavir/ritonavir, steroids, convalescent plasma | no | complete recovery at 86 days from onset |
| 5 | Helleberg et al., 2020 | M | 50s | CLL | CR | R-FC | 3 months | 60 days from onset | remdesivir, convalescent plasma | no | alive in good general health 65 days from onset |
| 6 | Kos et al., 2020 | M | 72 | NMZL | CR | maintenance rituximab | 8 months | 31 days from onset | IVIG 25 g/day for 5 days | N/A | improved clinical condition at 31 days from onset |
| 7 | Moore et al., 2020 | F | 63 | NHL | remission | maintenance obinutuzumab | 37 days | approximately 90 days from onset | convalescent plasma | no | asymptomatic at approximately 97 days from onset |
| 8 | Baang et al., 2020 | M | 60 | MCL | refractory | CD20 bispecific antibody + another B-cell directed antibody + CPA + DXR + PSL |
during chemotherapy | 131 days from onset | remdesivir, convalescent plasma | probably no | afebrile with improved chest radiograph at 156 days from onset |
| 9 | Malsy et al., 2020 | F | 53 | FL | N/A | maintenance obinutuzumab | approximately 2 months | approximately 130 days from onset | remdesivir, convalescent plasma | no | asymptomatic at approximately 140 days from onset |
| 10 | Otsuka et al., 2020 | M | 56 | MCL | N/A | BR | 17 days | 42 days from onset | favipiravir, ciclesonide, hydroxychloroquine, IVIG | N/A | died of COVID-19 at 42 days from onset |
| 11 | Nakajima et al., 2020 | M | 47 | FL | CR | maintenance obinutuzumab | 2 months | approximately 65 days from onset | favipiravir, ciclesonide, lopinavir/ritonavir | no | nasopharyngeal swab PCR remained negative on day 82 from onset |
| 12 | Camprubí et al., 2021 | F | 37 | FL | PR | R-ESHAP | approximately 1 month | 63 days from onset | lopinavir/ritonavir, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, anakinra, remdesivir, steroids, darunavir/cobicistat, IVIG | no | resolution of fever at 63 days from onset |
| 13 | Honjo et al., 2021 | F | 72 | CLL | N/A | obinutuzumab | 23 days | 59 days from onset | hydroxychloroquine, convalescent plasma | no | asymptomatic at 119 days from onset |
| 14 | Puzyrenko et al., 2021 | M | 49 | CLL | N/A | N/A | N/A | 3 months from onset | steroids, ruxolitinib | N/A | died of COVID-19 at 3 months from onset |
| 15 | Reuken et al., 2021 | F | 56 | FL | CR | maintenance rituximab | 12 days | 6 months from onset | invasive ventilation, remdesivir, convalescent plasma, infliximab | no | good general condition and resolution of pulmonary lesions at 7.5 months from onset |
| 16 | Rnjak et al., 2021 | M | 53 | DLBCL | N/A | maintenance rituximab | 5 weeks | 115 days from onset | convalescent plasma, remdesivir, steroids | no | afebrile with regression of pneumonia at 129 days from onset |
| 17 | Hoffmann et al., 2021 | M | 75 | DLBCL | N/A | R-CHOP | during chemotherapy | 3 weeks from onset | N/A | N/A | died of COVID-19 at 3 weeks from onset |
| 18 | Fujii et al., 2021 | M | 43 | cHL | favorable | A+AVD | 17 days | 28 days from onset | favipiravir, ciclesonide, remdesivir | N/A | no recurrence of symptoms after 29 days from onset |
| 19 | presented case | F | 61 | FL | CR | maintenance rituximab | 11 weeks | 12 months from onset | clinical trial | no | asymptomatic after 10 months and resolution of lung lesions at 12 months |
Abbreviations: A + AVD = brentuximab vedotin, doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine; ASCT = autologous stem cell transplantation; BEAM = carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan; BR = bendamustine and rituximab; cHL = classic Hodgkin lymphoma; CLL = chronic lymphocytic leukemia; CPA = cyclophosphamide; CR = complete response; DLBCL = diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; DXR = doxorubicin; F = female; FL = follicular lymphoma; IVIG = intravenous immunoglobulin; M = male; MCL = mantle cell lymphoma; MZL = marginal zone lymphoma; N/A = not available; NHL = non-Hodgkin lymphoma; NMZL = nodal marginal zone lymphoma; PR = partial response; PSL = prednisolone; PTCL = peripheral T-cell lymphoma; R-CHOP = rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and prednisolone; R-DeVIC = rituximab, dexamethasone, etoposide, ifosfamide, and carboplatin; R-ESHAP = rituximab, etoposide, cisplatin, cytarabine, and methylprednisolone; R-FC = rituximab, fludarabine, and cyclophosphamide.