Table 2. Treatment strategies for newly-diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Age (year)	Risk stratification	Category I recommendations	Category II recommendations
aaIPI, age-adjusted international prognostic index; ASCT, autologous stem cell transplantation; CHOP, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, etoposide and prednisone; IPI, international prognostic index; R, rituximab; R-CHOEP, rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, etoposide and prednisone; R-CHOP, rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone.
＜60	IPI low risk (aaIPI=0) and no bulk	R-CHOP21×3 cycles + radiotherapy or R-CHOP21×6 cycles ± radiotherapy or R-CHOP21×4 cycles + R×2 cycles ± radiotherapy (Level 1A evidence)
	IPI low risk (aaIPI=0) with bulk or IPI low-intermediate risk (aaIPI=1)	R-CHOP21×6 cycles + radiotherapy (Level 2A evidence)
	IPI intermediate-high risk or IPI high risk (aaIPI≥2)	Clinical trials R×8 cycles + CHOP21×(6−8) cycles ± radiotherapy or R×8 cycles + CHOP14×6 cycles ± radiotherapy (Level 1A evidence)	R-CHOEP14×6 cycles (ASCT for aaIPI=3) (Level 2A evidence)
60−80	Non-cardiac insufficiency	R×8 cycles + CHOP21×(6−8) cycles (R×8 cycles + CHOP21×6 cycles for IPI low risk); R×8 cycles + CHOP14×6 cycles ± radiotherapy (Level 1A evidence)
	With cardiac insufficiency	Doxorubicin substitution with liposomal doxorubicin, etoposide, or gemcitabine (Level 2A evidence)
>80	Non-cardiac insufficiency	R-miniCHOP21×6 cycles (Level 2A evidence)
	With cardiac insufficiency	Doxorubicin substitution with liposomal doxorubicin, etoposide, or gemcitabine (Level 2A evidence)