Table 1. Baseline characteristics of training and validation cohorts.
| Factors | n (%) | P | |
| Training cohort (N=3,629) | Validation cohort (N=2,524) | ||
| HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; AFP, α-fetoprotein; DCP, des-γ-carboxy-prothrombin; GGT, γ-glutamyl-transpeptidase; PLT, platelet; WBC, white blood cell; ALB, albumin; US, B-ultrasonography; BMI, body mass index. *, 9.80% of antiviral treated males in training cohort, 17.94% in validation cohort received the therapy less than one year, or stopped by himself without the instruction from his physician. | |||
| HCC cases | 212 (5.84) | 90 (3.57) | <0.001 |
| Age (year) [median (P25−P75)] | 51 (45−58) | 54 (48−62) | |
| 35−44 | 810 (22.32) | 379 (15.02) | <0.001 |
| 45−54 | 1,575 (43.40) | 890 (35.26) | |
| 55−64 | 906 (24.97) | 873 (34.59) | |
| 65−69 | 338 (9.31) | 382 (15.13) | |
| AFP (ng/mL) | |||
| <7.0 | 3,206 (88.34) | 2,309 (91.48) | <0.001 |
| 7.0−19.9 | 257 (7.08) | 145 (5.75) | |
| 20.0−199.9 | 113 (3.12) | 43 (1.70) | |
| ≥200.0 | 53 (1.46) | 27 (1.07) | |
| DCP (mAU/mL) | |||
| <40.0 | 3,510 (96.72) | 2,455 (97.26) | 0.189 |
| 40.0−139.9 | 48 (1.32) | 35 (1.39) | |
| ≥140.0 | 71 (1.96) | 34 (1.35) | |
| GGT (U/L) | |||
| <15 | 1,022 (28.16) | 474 (18.78) | <0.001 |
| 15−44 | 1,954 (53.85) | 1,572 (62.28) | |
| 45−79 | 400 (11.02) | 294 (11.65) | |
| ≥80 | 253 (6.97) | 184 (7.29) | |
| PLT (×109) | |||
| <100 | 409 (11.27) | 212 (8.40) | 0.001 |
| 100−299 | 3,094 (85.26) | 2,227 (88.23) | |
| ≥300 | 126 (3.47) | 85 (3.37) | |
| WBC (×106) | |||
| <4.0 | 395 (10.88) | 194 (7.69) | <0.001 |
| 4.0−9.9 | 3,145 (86.67) | 2,251 (89.18) | |
| ≥10.0 | 89 (2.45) | 79 (3.13) | |
| ALB (g/L) | |||
| <30.0 | 11 (0.30) | 5 (0.20) | <0.001 |
| 30.0−37.9 | 146 (4.02) | 65 (2.57) | |
| 38.0−44.9 | 1,498 (41.28) | 609 (24.13) | |
| ≥45.0 | 1,974 (54.40) | 1,845 (73.10) | |
| US-detected cirrhosis | |||
| Yes | 587 (16.18) | 266 (10.54) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||
| <18.5 | 21 (0.58) | 51 (2.02) | <0.001 |
| 18.5−23.9 | 1,361 (37.50) | 1,004 (39.78) | |
| 24.0−26.9 | 1,264 (34.83) | 844 (33.44) | |
| ≥27.0 | 983 (27.09) | 625 (24.76) | |
| Smoking (ever) | 1,954 (53.84) | 1,397 (55.35) | 0.244 |
| Alcohol drinking (ever) | 1,230 (33.89) | 1,124 (44.53) | <0.001 |
| Self-reported antiviral therapy received* | 982 (27.06) | 583 (23.10) | <0.001 |
| Self-reported diabetes | 228 (6.28) | 171 (6.77) | 0.441 |
| HCC family history | 363 (10.00) | 431 (17.08) | <0.001 |