Table 3.

Differences between baseline and disease progression cytokine concentration changes

	Cohort 1			Cohort 2
Name of Cytokine	N§	Change (progression-baseline)	p value	N§	Change (progression-baseline)	p value
IL-2	8	− 16.6 (− 23.1, − 6.9)	0.0234	7	− 10.7 (− 34.5, − 1.0)	0.2969
IL-18	15	− 7.9 (− 19.5, 2.5)	0.0181	15	0.6 (− 16.0, 9.7)	0.8469
CCL11	15	9.8 (− 3.6, 17.8)	0.0353	15	7.5 (0.2, 16.4)	0.0413
CXCL1	9	3.5 (− 2.2, 6.8)	0.2031	9	2.8 (1.2, 20.6)	0.0273
CCL5	15	− 25.6 (− 34.0, − 15.0)	0.0001	15	− 12.6 (− 32.4, − 2.8)	0.0302
FGF-2	5	3.5 (− 3.5, 5.5)	1.0000	4	7.4 (2.4, 16.0)	0.1250
SCF	15	− 1.8 (− 4.2, 1.4)	0.0946	15	− 3.5 (− 7.0, − 1.4)	0.0026
VEGF-A	15	116.8 (70.9, 301.9)	0.0002	15	197.8 (8.1, 446.5)	0.0015
VEGF-D	15	− 1.0 (− 9.7, 3.4)	0.2958	15	0 (− 1.3, 9.9)	0.1882
PD1	15	− 7.5 (− 15.3, − 1.9)	0.0009	15	− 5.5 (− 12.0, 6.1)	0.4543
PD-L1	15	0.5(− 1.4, 2.3)	0.4459	15	0.9 (− 1.7, 1.8)	0.6100
PD-L2	15	− 160.0 (− 394.8, − 60.0)	0.0023	15	− 164.0 (− 289.0, − 105.0)	0.0067
CD137(4-1BB)	15	− 4.4 (− 15.6, 0)	0.0269	15	− 18.7 (− 25.6, 9.8)	0.1514

^§The number of matched plasma samples, in which the concentration of cytokines could be detected efficiently

IL-2 Interleukin-2, IL-18 Interleukin-18, CCL11 C–C motif chemokine ligand 11, CXCL1 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1, CCL5 C–C motif chemokine ligand 5, FGF-2 Fibroblast growth factor, SCF Stem cell factor, VEGF-A Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A, VEGF-D Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D, PD-1 Programmed Death-1, PD-L1 Programmed Death Ligand-1, PD-L2 Programmed death ligand-2