Table 4.
Association Between Personality Traits and Numeric Reasoning
| Sample | Numeric Reasoning | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | 95% CI | P | ||
| Neuroticism | ||||
| HRS | −.068 | −.083, −.053 | <.000 | |
| UAS | −.007 | −.030, .016 | .532 | |
| CogUSA | −.079 | −.123, −.034 | <.001 | |
| PSID | −.063 | −.084, −.042 | <.000 | |
| MIDUS | −.078 | −.107, −.049 | <.000 | |
| US | −.027 | −.037, −.018 | <.000 | |
| ELSA | −.042 | −.064, −.021 | <.000 | |
| Meta-analytic partial r | −.057 | −.080, −.033 | <.000 | |
| Heterogeneity | ||||
| Q | 48.074 | -- | <.000 | |
| I2 | 87.95 | -- | -- | |
| Extraversion | ||||
| HRS | −.031 | −.046, −.017 | <.000 | |
| UAS | −.083 | −.105, −.060 | <.000 | |
| CogUSA | −.028 | −.073, .017 | .218 | |
| PSID | −.016 | −.036, .004 | .110 | |
| MIDUS | −.038 | −.067, −.009 | .010 | |
| US | −.006 | −.016, .003 | .169 | |
| ELSA | −.012 | −.033, .009 | .269 | |
| Meta-analytic partial r | −.034 | −.057, −.012 | .003 | |
| Heterogeneity | ||||
| Q | 44.607 | -- | <.000 | |
| I2 | 86.93 | -- | -- | |
| Openness | ||||
| HRS | .040 | .025, .055 | <.000 | |
| UAS | −.017 | −.040, .006 | .141 | |
| CogUSA | .023 | −.024, .070 | .344 | |
| PSID | .003 | −.017, .023 | .743 | |
| MIDUS | .000 | −.030, .029 | .984 | |
| US | .038 | .029, .047 | <.000 | |
| ELSA | .000 | −.021, .022 | .987 | |
| Meta-analytic partial r | .015 | −.005, .035 | .138 | |
| Heterogeneity | ||||
| Q | 36.284 | -- | <.000 | |
| I2 | 82.43 | -- | -- | |
| Agreeableness | ||||
| HRS | .008 | −.007, .023 | .296 | |
| UAS | −.026 | −.049, −.003 | .024 | |
| CogUSA | −.038 | −.083, .007 | .099 | |
| PSID | .021 | .001, .041 | .041 | |
| MIDUS | −.043 | −.073, −.013 | .005 | |
| US | −.007 | −.016, .003 | .167 | |
| ELSA | −.033 | −.055, −.012 | .003 | |
| Meta-analytic partial r | −.015 | −.035, .005 | .135 | |
| Heterogeneity | ||||
| Q | 26.770 | -- | <.000 | |
| I2 | 83.07 | -- | -- | |
| Conscientiousness | ||||
| HRS | .034 | .019, .049 | <.000 | |
| UAS | −.013 | −.035, .010 | .282 | |
| CogUSA | −.025 | −.070, .020 | .270 | |
| PSID | .028 | .008, .048 | .006 | |
| MIDUS | .031 | .002, .060 | .034 | |
| US | .011 | .001, .020 | .025 | |
| ELSA | .034 | .013, .056 | .002 | |
| Meta-analytic partial r | .020 | .003, .037 | .021 | |
| Heterogeneity | ||||
| Q | 21.810 | -- | .001 | |
| I2 | 75.39 | -- | -- | |
Note. df for each meta-analysis=7. Total N for the meta-analysis=76,388; N=12,476 for HRS; N=6,025 for UAS; N=1,207 for CogUSA; N=7,631 for PSID; N=3,622 for MIDUS; N=38,315 for US; N=7,112 for ELSA. Regression coefficients are standardized betas from a linear regression predicting numeric reasoning from each personality trait, controlling for age, gender, education, and race (and mode of administration in PSID). HRS=Health and Retirement Study. UAS=Understanding America Study. CogUSA=Cognition in the United States. PSID=Panel Study of Income Dynamics. MIDUS=Midlife in the United States. US=Understanding Society. ELSA=English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.