Table 1.

Main characteristic of participants included in this study by raw tomato intake.

Variables	Q1 (n = 20,508)	Q2 (n = 20,276)	Q3 (n = 20,619)	Q4 (n = 20,928)	Q5 (n = 19,506)	p-value
Age (y), mean (SD)	62.2 (5.4)	62.4 (5.3)	62.5 (5.3)	62.6 (5.2)	62.4 (5.2)	<0.001
Sex (n, %)
Male	11,349 (55.3%)	10,239 (50.5%)	9,433 (45.7%)	8,694 (41.5%)	9,818 (50.3%)	<0.001
Female	9,158 (44.7%)	10,037 (49.5%)	11,186 (54.3%)	12,232 (58.5%)	9,686 (49.7%)
Smoking status (n, %)
Never	9,380 (45.7%)	9,704 (47.9%)	10,146 (49.2%)	10,289 (49.2%)	9,077 (46.5%)	<0.001
Current	2,358 (11.5%)	1,994 (9.8%)	1,694 (8.2%)	1,710 (8.2%)	1,656 (8.5%)
Former	8,766 (42.8%)	8,575 (42.3%)	8,770 (42.6%)	8,926 (42.7%)	8,767 (45.0%)
Education (n, %)
≤ High school	9,332 (45.5%)	8,767 (43.2%)	8,299 (40.2%)	8,657 (41.4%)	7,912 (40.6%)	<0.001
≥Some college	11,130 (54.3%)	11,460 (56.5%)	12,277 (59.5%)	12,234 (58.5%)	11,560 (59.3%)
BMI (n, %)
<25.0 kg/m2	6,925 (33.8%)	6,895 (34.0%)	7,154 (34.7%)	7,257 (34.7%)	6,248 (32.0%)	<0.001
≥25.0 kg/m2	13,281 (64.8%)	13,104 (64.6%)	13,223 (64.1%)	13,406 (64.1%)	12,990 (66.6%)
Race (n, %)
White, non-Hispanic	17,582 (85.7%)	18,341 (90.5%)	19,143 (92.8%)	19,475 (93.1%)	18,056 (92.6%)	<0.001
Other	2,915 (14.2%)	1,928 (9.5%)	1,472 (7.1%)	1,444 (6.9%)	1,439 (7.4%)
Alcohol drinking status (n, %)
Never	1,991 (9.7%)	1,997 (9.8%)	2,011 (9.8%)	2,143 (10.2%)	1,982 (10.2%)	<0.001
Former	3,499 (17.1%)	3,010 (14.8%)	2,701 (13.1%)	2,875 (13.7%)	2,684 (13.8%)
Current	14,359 (70.0%)	14,703 (72.5%)	15,391 (74.6%)	15,305 (73.1%)	14,302 (73.3%)
Total energy intake (kcal/d), mean (SD)	1554.1 (711.8)	1635.6 (690.4)	1714.1 (683.7)	1784.6 (707.5)	2015.8 (803.6)	<0.001

Y, year; SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index.