Table 1.
EC Enzymes | Islet cell types | Confirmed by | References |
---|---|---|---|
Mouse | |||
Biosynthetic | |||
DAGLα | α-cells | IF | (19) |
Mainly β-cells and less in α-cells | IF | (24) | |
α-cells (fetal) | IF | (55) | |
NAPE-PLD | α-cells | IHC, IF | (19) |
Mainly β-cells and less in α-cells | IF | (24) | |
Metabolizing | |||
MAGL | β-cells | IHC, IF | (19) |
α- and β-cells | IF | (24) | |
α-cells (fetal) | IF | (55) | |
FAAH | β-cells | IF | (19) |
β-cells | IF | (24) | |
Rat | |||
Metabolizing | |||
MAGL | δ-cells | IF | (20) |
FAAH | Strong expression in α-cells and weak in β-cells | IF | (20) |
Human | |||
Biosynthetic | |||
DAGLα | Mainly β-cells and less in α-cells | IF | (24) |
α-cells | IF | (55) | |
NAPE-PLD | Mainly β-cells and less in α-cells | IF | (24) |
Metabolizing | |||
MAGL | Unreliable staining | --- | (20) |
α- and β-cells | IF | (24) | |
α- and β-cells | IHC | (66) | |
FAAH | Mainly α-cells and weak in β-cells | IF | (20) |
Mostly found in β-cell-rich areas | IF | (16) | |
β-cells | IF | (24) |
2-AG synthesis requires diacylglycerol lipase α (DAGLα), whereas AEA synthesis requires N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamine phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD). Degrading enzymes for 2-AG and AEA inactivation are MAGL and FAAH, respectively.
IF, immunofluorescence; IHC, immunohistochemistry.