Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the validation cohort
| Patients which did not advance to the advanced COVID-19 stage | Patients which advanced to the advanced COVID-19 stage | Total | p value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Included casesa | 1463 (64.6%) | 801 (35.4%) | 2264 | |
| Age | < 0.001** | |||
| < 26 years | 132/1463 (9.0%) | 19/801 (2.4%) | 151/2264 (6.7%) | |
| 26–45 years | 417/1463 (28.5%) | 89/801 (11.1%) | 506/2264 (22.3%) | |
| 46–65 years | 479/1463 (32.7%) | 289/801 (36.1%) | 768/2264 (33.9%) | |
| > 65 years | 435/1463 (29.7%) | 404/801 (50.4%) | 839/2264 (37.1%) | |
| Sex | < 0.001 | |||
| Male | 729/1463 (49.8%) | 466/801 (58.2%) | 1195/2264 (52.8%) | |
| Body mass index | < 0.001 | |||
| < 18.5 kg/m2 | 34/779 (4.4%) | 7/523 (1.3%) | 41/1302 (3.1%) | |
| 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 | 262/779 (33.6%) | 154/523 (29.4%) | 416/1302 (32.0%) | |
| 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 274/779 (35.2%) | 181/523 (34.6%) | 455/1302 (34.9%) | |
| > 29.9 kg/m2 | 209/779 (26.8%) | 181/523 (34.6%) | 390/1302 (30.0%) | |
| Smoking status | 0.034 | |||
| Smoker or former smoker | 158/572 (27.6%) | 101/292 (34.6%) | 259/864 (30.0%) | |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Cardiovascular disease | 565/1423 (39.7%) | 496/791 (62.7%) | 1061/2214 (47.9%) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 202/1412 (14.3%) | 178/781 (22.8%) | 380/2193 (17.3%) | < 0.001 |
| Pulmonary disease | 129/1409 (9.2%) | 137/782 (17.5%) | 266/2191 (12.1%) | < 0.001 |
| Hematological and/or oncological disease | 122/1409 (8.7%) | 119/775 (15.4%) | 241/2183 (11.0%) | < 0.001 |
| Neurological disease | 237/1416 (16.7%) | 185/782 (23.7%) | 422/2198 (19.2%) | < 0.001 |
| Kidney disease | 141//1398 (10.1%) | 165/762 (21.7%) | 306/2160 (14.2%) | < 0.001 |
| Other comorbiditiesb | 99/1405 (7.0%) | 77/779 (9.9%) | 176/2184 (8.1%) | 0.020 |
| Body temperature | < 0.001 | |||
| < 38.0 °C | 913/1128 (80.9%) | 286/404 (70.8%) | 1199/2214 (78.3%) | |
| 38.0—39.9 °C | 210/1128 (18.6%) | 107/404 (26.5%) | 317/2214 (20.7%) | |
| > 39.9 °C | 5/1128 (0.4%) | 11/404 (2.7%) | 16/2214 (1.0%) | |
| C-reactive protein | < 0.001 | |||
| < 3 mg/L | 228/899 (25.4%) | 30/363 (8.3%) | 258/1262 (20.4%) | |
| 3–29 mg/L | 417/899 (46.4%) | 150/363 (41.3%) | 567/1262 (44.9%) | |
| 30–119 mg/L | 204/899 (22.7%) | 142/363 (39.1%) | 346/1262 (27.4%) | |
| > 119 mg/L | 50/899 (5.6%) | 41/363 (11.3%) | 91/1262 (7.2%) |
During the observational period. Patients with missing values for the respective variable were excluded in this statistic
*Using a χ2-test, **based on a multi-categorical χ2-test
aAge, body temperature and C-reactive protein are shown after binning categories of originally twelve, six and seven categories, respectively
bThis included all other listed co-morbidities including connective tissue disease, peptic ulcer disease, chronic liver disease, liver cirrhosis, organ transplantation, rheumatic disease, HIV/AIDS