Table 2.

Primary and secondary outcomes by trial group

	HIVST intervention			SOC			Unadjusted			Adjusted			k
	n/N	% or rate/000	Cluster geometric mean %	n/N	% or rate/000	Cluster geometric mean	Risk ratio	(95% CI)	P value	Risk ratio	(95% CI)	P value
Primary trial outcome: recent HIV testing	1626/2472	65.8	63.4	1452/2422	60.0	58.7	1.08	(0.91 to 1.29)	0.152	1.08	(0.94 to 1.25)	0.224	0.21
Secondary trial outcomes
Ever tested for HIV	2013/2500	80.5	79.5	1898/2464	77.0	76.5	1.04	(0.92 to 1.18)	0.399	1.04	(0.92 to 1.18)	0.408	0.13
HIV testing during intervention	1348/2500	53.9	52.1	1287/2464	52.2	51.0	1.02	(0.84 to 1.24)	0.674	1.02	(0.87 to 1.21)	0.728	0.24
Current ART use (% PLHIV)	33/43	76.7	68.1	13/20	65.0	62.3	1.01	(0.58 to 1.77)	0.228	0.96	(0.76 to 1.21)	0.657	–
ART initiation	2826/148 541	19.0		3482/155 433	22.4		0.90	(0.55 to 1.46)	0.666	–	–	–	–
Circumcised (% men not circumcised 12 months prior to interview)	23/949	2.4	2.8	13/904	1.4	1.72	1.48	(0.08 to 28.38)	0.196	1.55	(0.61 to 3.92)	0.280	0.38

Missing data: 101 respondents’ missing information on recent testing; 41 respondents’ missing information on ever testing and testing during intervention.

Adjusted for age in years (16–19 years. 20–24 years., 25–29 years., 30–39 years., 40–49 years., 50–59 years., 60+ years), assets index in tertiles and pair.

Note that there were too few respondents to calculate k for current ART use.

ART model is adjusted for pair and average ART initiations per clinic before the beginning of the self-testing intervention. ART initiation was log-transformed for analysis and exponentiated OLS coefficients are reported above.

ART, antiretroviral therapy; HIVST, HIV self-testing; OLS, ordinary least squares; PLHIV, people living with HIV; SOC, standard of care.