Table 2.
Univariate analysisa | Multivariable analysisb | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
COR | 95% CI | p value | AOR | 95% CI | p value | |||||
Male vs female | 0.684 | 0.328 | – | 1.427 | 0.312 | 0.726 | 0.310 | – | 1.700 | 0.461 |
Age, years | 0.970 | 0.952 | – | 0.989 | 0.002 | 0.977 | 0.956 | – | 0.999 | 0.038 |
Migraine without aura, yes vs no | 1.439 | 0.831 | – | 2.493 | 0.194 | |||||
Migraine with aura, yes vs no | 0.745 | 0.429 | – | 1.294 | 0.297 | |||||
Chronic migraine, yes vs no | 1.706 | 0.505 | – | 5.770 | 0.390 | |||||
Migraine days per month, mean ± SD | 1.113 | 1.070 | – | 1.158 | < 0.001 | 1.094 | 1.050 | – | 1.141 | < 0.001 |
Nausea, yes vs no | 2.507 | 1.475 | – | 4.261 | < 0.001 | 0.658 | 0.930 | – | 2.954 | 0.086 |
Allodynia, yes vs no | 3.057 | 1.572 | – | 5.945 | < 0.001 | 1.977 | 0.972 | – | 4.022 | 0.060 |
Age at first migraine onset, years | 0.960 | 0.932 | – | 0.990 | 0.008 | 0.992 | 0.959 | – | 1.026 | 0.639 |
Disease duration, years | 0.986 | 0.968 | – | 1.005 | 0.149 | |||||
Comorbidities, yes vs no | 0.875 | 0.531 | – | 1.443 | 0.601 | |||||
Psychiatric disease, yes vs no | 3.593 | 1.352 | – | 9.549 | 0.010 | 1.996 | 0.675 | – | 2.867 | 0.096 |
Acute headache medication, yes vs no | 1.579 | 0.478 | – | 5.199 | 0.455 | |||||
Preventive headache medication, yes vs no | 1.802 | 1.084 | – | 2.994 | 0.023 | 1.622 | 0.918 | – | 2.867 | 0.096 |
Smoking | ||||||||||
Never | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||||
Past | 2.044 | 0.995 | – | 4.197 | 0.051 | 1.778 | 0.784 | – | 4.034 | 0.169 |
Current | 1.871 | 0.712 | – | 4.918 | 0.204 | 1.372 | 0.495 | – | 3.803 | 0.543 |
Alcohol intake, n (%) | ||||||||||
Never | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||||
< 1 day/week | 0.272 | 0.726 | – | 2.229 | 0.401 | 1.542 | 0.845 | – | 2.812 | 0.158 |
1–2 days/week | 1.303 | 0.519 | – | 3.272 | 0.573 | 1.527 | 0.564 | – | 4.134 | 0.405 |
3–5 days/week | 1.407 | 0.300 | – | 6.599 | 0.665 | 1.736 | 0.398 | – | 7.569 | 0.463 |
6–7 days/week | 4.449 | 1.141 | – | 17.35 | 0.032 | 3.003 | 0.666 | – | 13.539 | 0.152 |
Caffeine intake, yes/no | 0.447 | 0.164 | – | 1.221 | 0.116 | |||||
Number of sensory hypersensitivities | ||||||||||
0 | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||||
1 | 3.089 | 1.085 | – | 8.794 | 0.035 | 1.921 | 0.626 | – | 5.902 | 0.254 |
2 | 3.529 | 1.424 | – | 8.749 | 0.006 | 2.730 | 1.030 | – | 7.239 | 0.044 |
3 | 10.427 | 4.160 | – | 26.134 | < 0.001 | 5.974 | 4.845 | – | 13.372 | 0.002 |
K6, score | 1.123 | 1.070 | – | 1.181 | < 0.001 | 1.068 | 1.004 | – | 1.132 | 0.038 |
COR crude odds ratio, AOR adjusted odds ratio, 95% CI 95% confidence interval, MIDAS Migraine Disability Assessment, K6 Kessler Psychological Distress Scale
aUsing a generalized linear model with ordinal logistic regression analysis
bUsing the variables that had p values of less than 0.1 in the univariate analysis, except for sex