Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Sample (N = 4,759)
| M/% (SD) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Total | Nonfallers (N = 1,948) | Fallers (N = 2,811) |
| Age (years) | 73.58 (6.50) | 72.70 (5.39) | 74.33 (6.73) |
| Sex (% female) | 54.9% | 50.1% | 58.2% |
| Race (% white) | 86.5% | 83.8% | 88.4% |
| Education (years) | 12.62 (2.95) | 12.62 (2.87) | 12.62 (3.02) |
| Disease burdena | 2.08 (1.21) | 1.96 (1.19) | 2.16 (1.22) |
| Depressiona | 0.94 (1.51) | 0.73 (1.30) | 1.08 (1.63) |
| Cognitiona | 15.24 (3.81) | 15.25 (3.77) | 15.23 (3.83) |
| Physical inactivitya | 2.45 (1.01) | 2.40 (1.01) | 2.49 (1.00) |
| Smoking (%)a | 51.1% | 52.8% | 49.9% |
| Handgrip strengtha | 30.80 (10.50) | 29.73 (10.24) | 32.35 (10.69) |
| Extraversion | 3.23 (0.54) | 3.23 (0.52) | 3.22 (0.55) |
| Agreeableness | 3.53 (0.46) | 3.52 (0.46) | 3.53 (0.46) |
| Conscientiousness | 3.37 (0.46) | 3.39 (0.45) | 3.35 (0.47) |
| Openness | 2.92 (0.54) | 2.93 (0.53) | 2.92 (0.55) |
| Neuroticism | 1.94 (0.57) | 1.91 (0.55) | 1.96 (0.58) |
Note. aN differ because data were missing for disease burden, depressive symptoms, cognition, physical inactivity, smoking status, and handgrip strength: N = 3,870.