Table 2. Cox proportional hazards model for predicting one-year mortality.
| Crude hazard ratio | 95% CI | Adjusted hazard ratio | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI status | ||||
| Underweight | 1.37 | 0.62, 3.01 | 1.50 | 0.59, 3.82 |
| Normal weight | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Overweight | 1.72 | 1.19, 2.48 | 1.28 | 0.85, 1.92 |
| Obesity | 1.97 | 1.35, 2.87 | 1.51 | 1.00, 2.28 |
| Age at injury (5-year unit) | 1.37 | 1.31, 1.44 | 1.40 | 1.29, 1.52 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 1.19 | 0.81, 1.74 | 2.07 | 1.32, 3.25 |
| Female | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Race | ||||
| White | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Black | 0.83 | 0.58, 1.19 | 1.27 | 0.83, 1.95 |
| Hispanic/other | 0.56 | 0.33, 0.95 | 0.80 | 0.45, 1.44 |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Single | 0.47 | 0.32, 0.68 | 2.01 | 1.24, 3.24 |
| Other | 1.62 | 1.15, 2.30 | 1.75 | 1.17, 2.60 |
| Education | ||||
| <High school | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| High school | 0.73 | 0.48, 1.11 | 0.70 | 0.44, 1.11 |
| >High school/other | 0.91 | 0.58, 1.42 | 0.61 | 0.37, 1.02 |
| Employment | ||||
| Employed | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Unemployed | 1.76 | 1.13, 2.75 | 1.52 | 0.91, 2.54 |
| Retired | 6.15 | 4.39, 8.62 | 1.38 | 0.88, 2.18 |
| Student or trainee | 0.14 | 0.02, 1.00 | 0.56 | 0.08, 4.23 |
| Other | 2.70 | 1.38, 5.25 | 1.11 | 0.47, 2.62 |
| Etiology | ||||
| Vehicular | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Violence | 1.10 | 0.56, 2.14 | 1.55 | 0.66, 3.62 |
| Falls | 4.02 | 2.66, 6.06 | 2.11 | 1.31, 3.39 |
| Sports | 1.38 | 0.66, 2.91 | 2.18 | 0.96, 4.92 |
| Medical/surgical | 7.68 | 4.59, 12.86 | 6.02 | 3.09, 11.74 |
| Other | 2.37 | 1.04, 5.40 | 2.32 | 1.00, 5.36 |
| Neurological status | ||||
| Dependent | 5.96 | 3.49, 10.19 | 9.93 | 5.32, 18.55 |
| C1-4 ABC | 2.62 | 1.76, 3.92 | 3.94 | 2.55, 6.08 |
| C5-8 ABC | 1.55 | 0.95, 2.53 | 3.29 | 1.94, 5.57 |
| T1-S3 ABC | 0.90 | 0.58, 1.40 | 1.96 | 1.19, 3.23 |
| All AIS DE | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Vertebral injury | ||||
| Yes | 0.50 | 0.37, 0.69 | 1.20 | 0.79, 1.82 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Associated injury | ||||
| Yes | 0.74 | 0.54, 1.01 | 1.34 | 0.92, 1.95 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Spinal surgery | ||||
| Yes | 0.72 | 0.51, 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.65, 1.50 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
Notes: Adjusted model includes all variables listed in the table. Female includes two persons of transgender. Other race includes American Indian, Alaska Native, Asian, Pacific Islander, some other race and multiracial category. Other marital status includes divorced, separated, widowed, and unclassified. Other education includes 3-year nursing degree, special education and unclassified. Other occupation includes homemaker and unclassified.