Table III.
Baseline characteristics of COVID-19 patients with and without PCN allergy for cases without bacterial pneumonia or bacteremia
| Code | Characteristic | Before propensity score matching |
After propensity score matching |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCN allergy (n = 12,634) | No PCN allergy (n = 518,434) | P | SMD | PCN allergy (n = 12,630) | No PCN allergy (n = 12,630) | P | SMD | ||
| Age at index, y | 55.89 (18.95) | 47.68 (18.68) | <.001 | 0.44 | 55.89 (18.96) | 56.17 (18.90) | .23 | 0.01 | |
| Female | 8652 (68.48) | 288,017 (55.56) | <.001 | 0.27 | 8648 (68.47) | 8641 (68.42) | .92 | <0.01 | |
| 2054-5 | Black | 2631 (20.83) | 89,637 (17.29) | <.001 | 0.09 | 2628 (20.81) | 2627 (20.80) | .99 | <0.01 |
| 2135-2 | Hispanic or Latino | 522 (4.13) | 62,307 (12.02) | <.001 | 0.29 | 522 (4.13) | 473 (3.75) | .11 | 0.02 |
| E11 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 4216 (33.37) | 71,209 (13.74) | <.001 | 0.48 | 4212 (33.35) | 4205 (33.29) | .93 | <0.01 |
| I20-I25 | Ischemic heart disease | 3617 (28.63) | 43,946 (8.48) | <.001 | 0.54 | 3613 (28.61) | 3545 (28.07) | .34 | 0.01 |
| I50 | Heart failure | 2322 (18.38) | 25,515 (4.92) | <.001 | 0.43 | 2318 (18.35) | 2137 (16.92) | .003 | 0.04 |
| Z68.3 | Body mass index 30-39 kg/m2 | 3119 (24.69) | 39,041 (7.53) | <.001 | 0.48 | 3115 (24.66) | 3150 (24.94) | .61 | <0.01 |
| Z68.4 | Body mass index ≥40 kg/m2 | 2015 (15.95) | 23,238 (4.48) | <.001 | 0.39 | 2011 (15.92) | 1968 (15.58) | .46 | <0.01 |
| F17 | Nicotine dependence | 2759 (21.84) | 41,442 (7.99) | <.001 | 0.40 | 2755 (21.81) | 2827 (22.38) | .27 | 0.01 |
| Z72.0 | Tobacco use | 928 (7.35) | 11,567 (2.23) | <.001 | 0.24 | 927 (7.34) | 868 (6.87) | .15 | 0.02 |
| J45 | Asthma | 3384 (26.79) | 49,947 (9.63) | <.001 | 0.46 | 3380 (26.76) | 3392 (26.86) | .86 | <0.01 |
| J44 | Other chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 2287 (18.10) | 21,881 (4.22) | <.001 | 0.45 | 2283 (18.08) | 2166 (17.15) | .05 | 0.02 |
| J43 | Emphysema | 760 (6.02) | 7414 (1.43) | <.001 | 0.24 | 757 (5.99) | 655 (5.19) | .005 | 0.04 |
| N18.3 | Chronic kidney disease, stage 3 | 1199 (9.49) | 16,111 (3.11) | <.001 | 0.27 | 1197 (9.48) | 1136 (8.99) | .18 | 0.02 |
| N18.4 | Chronic kidney disease, stage 4 | 460 (3.64) | 5376 (1.04) | <.001 | 0.17 | 458 (3.63) | 376 (2.98) | .004 | 0.04 |
| N18.5 | Chronic kidney disease, stage 5 | 208 (1.65) | 2770 (0.53) | <.001 | 0.11 | 206 (1.63) | 158 (1.25) | .01 | 0.03 |
| Z33 | Pregnant state | 495 (3.92) | 14,238 (2.75) | <.001 | 0.07 | 495 (3.92) | 542 (4.29) | .14 | 0.02 |
| K74 | Fibrosis and cirrhosis of liver | 345 (2.73) | 4626 (0.89) | <.001 | 0.14 | 344 (2.72) | 313 (2.48) | .22 | 0.02 |
| Z48.2 | Encounter for aftercare following organ transplant | 167 (1.32) | 1513 (0.29) | <.001 | 0.12 | 165 (1.31) | 122 (0.97) | .01 | 0.03 |
| D57 | Sickle-cell disorders | 114 (0.90) | 1737 (0.34) | <.001 | 0.07 | 113 (0.90) | 114 (0.90) | .95 | <0.01 |
| B20 | Human immunodeficiency virus disease | 94 (0.74) | 2273 (0.44) | <.001 | 0.04 | 94 (0.74) | 86 (0.68) | .55 | <0.01 |
PCN, penicillin; SMD, standardized mean difference.
Values are expressed as means (SDs) for continuous variables and n (%) for categorical variables.