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. 2021 Aug;133:None. doi: 10.1016/j.apgeog.2021.102498

Table A.2.

Association between deprivation and the percentage of food outlets registered to accept online amongst postcode districts in England. Estimated using uncontrolled and controlled general linear models.


Model 0a
Model 1a
Percentage registeredb (%) coef 95% CI coef 95% CI
IMD score (deciles)
1 (4.28–10.21); least deprived ref ref
2 (10.22–12.08) −0.96 −4.63 2.70 −0.84 −3.86 2.18
3 (12.09–14.00) 0.49 −3.16 4.13 1.27 −1.75 4.30
4 (14.01–15.91) 4.40 0.74 8.05 2.72 −0.30 5.74
5 (15.92–18.18) 3.92 0.26 7.58 2.29 −0.73 5.31
6 (18.19–20.60) 5.39 1.74 9.04 2.93 −0.09 5.95
7 (20.61–23.54) 8.10 4.44 11.75 4.18 1.14 7.22
8 (23.55–27.06) 16.15 12.49 19.80 9.75 6.68 12.82
9 (27.07–32.89) 21.80 18.14 25.45 11.12 8.01 14.23
10 (32.90–69.51); most deprived 29.03 25.37 32.69 20.02 16.93 23.10

a Model 0 = uncontrolled. 2113 postcode districts included. Model 1 = controlled for postcode district population density and rural urban classification. 2084 postcode districts included.

b Percentage registered = percentage of food outlets in postcode district registered to accept orders online.