Table 2.
Summary of measures for the online food delivery service and the physical food environment across postcode districts in England (n = 2118), stratified by deprivation.
| Deprivation decilea |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | All | |
| Measure | (4.28–10.21) n = 214 | (10.22–12.08) n = 210 | (12.09–14.00) n = 213 | (14.01–15.91) n = 211 | (15.92–18.18) n = 211 | (18.19–20.60) n = 212 | (20.61–23.54) n = 212 | (23.55–27.06) n = 212 | (27.07–32.89) n = 212 | (32.90–69.51) n = 211 | n = 2118 |
| Online food delivery service | |||||||||||
| Food outlets registeredb (count) | 3.0 (1.0–7.0) | 3.0 (0.0–10.0) | 3.0 (1.0–9.0) | 5.0 (1.0–13.0) | 5.0 (0.0–14.0) | 6.0 (1.0–18.0) | 9.5 (1.0–23.5) | 14.5 (5.0–26.0) | 21.5 (10.0–37.5) | 24.0 (14.0–37.0) | 7.0 (1.0–21.0) |
| Accessible food outlets (count) | 41.0 (18.0–68.0) | 31.0 (12.0–74.0) | 30.0 (11.0–89.0) | 44.0 (11.0–101.0) | 41.0 (8.0–106.0) | 62.0 (9.0–121.0) | 76.0 (4.0–176.5) | 92.5 (30.5–208.5) | 143.0 (80.0–247.0) | 186.0 (102.0–294.0) | 63.5 (16.0–156.0) |
| Unique cuisine types accessible (count) | 31.0 (18.0–43.0) | 26.5 (13.0–47.0) | 27.0 (12.0–47.0) | 32.0 (13.0–55.0) | 29.0 (10.0–54.0) | 36.0 (10.0–59.5) | 44.0 (6.5–72.0) | 49.0 (24.0–83.5) | 59.5 (40.5–84.0) | 71.0 (48.0–95.0) | 39.0 (16.0–68.0) |
| Physical food environment | |||||||||||
| Food outlets within postcodec district (count) | 18.0 (9.0–31.0) | 21.0 (10.0–38.0) | 24.0 (10.0–39.0) | 25.0 (11.0–45.0) | 24.0 (12.0–43.0) | 28.0 (11.0–52.5) | 34.5 (18.5–56.5) | 41.5 (21.5–68.0) | 50.5 (29.5–81.0) | 50.0 (29.0–76.0) | 30.0 (14.0–52.0) |
| Food outlets within neighbourhoodc (count) | 45.0 (26.0–93.0) | 52.5 (24.0–97.0) | 55.0 (26.0–129.0) | 67.0 (29.0–142.0) | 75.0 (29.0–154.0) | 90.5 (31.0–169.0) | 112.0 (34.0–223.5) | 123.5 (49.0–274.5) | 191.0 (105.5–290.5) | 212.0 (146.0–343.0) | 90.0 (36.0–200.0) |
| Percentage registeredd (%) | 20.0 (10.0–30.0) | 20.0 (0.0–30.0) | 10.0 (0.0–30.0) | 20.0 (10.0–40.0) | 20.0 (0.0–40.0) | 20.0 (10.0–40.0) | 30.0 (0.0–50.0) | 40.0 (20.0–50.0) | 40.0 (30.0–50.0) | 50.0 (40.0–60.0) | 30.0 (10.0–40.0) |
| Percentage accessible onlinee (%) | 70.9 (40.4–115.1) | 59.4 (33.3–100.0) | 49.7 (27.3–91.3) | 59.2 (29.2–96.4) | 53.3 (26.3–97.1) | 56.8 (28.3–88.4) | 52.7 (23.1–82.4) | 67.3 (40.1–91.9) | 72.1 (52.6–95.0) | 77.4 (62.2–107.7) | 63.4 (35.6–96.5) |
Decile 1 = least deprived, decile 10 = most deprived. Data reported as median (IQR) unless stated.
‘Registered’ = registered to accept orders online, through the online food delivery service.
Food outlet categories included: Fast food and takeaway outlets; Fast food delivery services; Fish and Chip shops; Restaurants. ‘Neighbourhood’ = 1600m Euclidean radius ‘neighbourhood’ buffer of postcode district geographic centroid.
The number of food outlets registered to accept orders online as a percentage of the number of food outlets within a postcode district.
The number of food outlets accessible online as a percentage of the number physically accessible within the neighbourhood.