Table 1.

Hydrogel coatings in medical area.

Function/property	Hydrogel	Substrate/device	Bonding	Drug/nanoparticle	Reference
Drug delivery	Hyaluronan and poly-D, L-Lactide	cobalt-chrome, polyethylene, titanium	PA	vancomycin, amikacin, tobramycin, gentamicin, sodium salicylate	[35]
	Gelatin	titanium alloy	PA	antimicrobial peptide, laponite nanosilicate	[36]
	PEG-heparina	polyurethane	CA	silver nitrate	[37]
	PMBV/PVA	titanium alloy	CA	paclitaxel (PTX)	[38]
	PHEMA	titanium alloy	PA	ciprofloxacin (CIP)	[39]
	PEGPLA	iridium oxide	PA	nerve growth factor (NGF)	[40]
	PEGDA-co-AA	titanium	PA	silver nanoparticle	[41]
	PEGDA	stainless steel	PA	copper nanoparticles	[42]
	PHEMA	silicone	CA	nerve growth factor (NGF)	[43]
Lubricity	Chitosan/PVA	polyurethane urethral catheter	CA		[44]
	PAAm	nitinol guidewire	CA		[32]
	Chitosan	polyethylene tube	CA		[45]
	Chitosan	endovascular catheter	CA		[46]
Anti-biofouling	PEG	polyamide composite	CA		[47]
	PEG/polycarbonate	silicone rubber	CA		[48]
	Zwitterionic PCB	powdered carbon	PA		[49]
	HEMA-co-DHPMA	glucose sensor	PA		[50]
	pCBAA	gold/silicon dioxide	PA		[51]
	PEGMA	gold	CA		[52]
Conductive	PVA/PAA	iridium oxide	CA		[53,54]
coatings for	PU	iridium oxide	CA		[55]
neural electrode	Alginate/PPy	gold	PA		[56]
	Alginate/PEDOT	gold	PA		[57]
	PVA/PEDOT	platinum	PA		[58]

^aAA, acrylic acid; CA, covalent anchorage; DHPMA, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl methacrylate; PA, physical attachment; PAA, poly(acrylic acid); PAAm, polyacrylamide; PCB, poly(carboxybetaine); pCBAA, poly(carboxybetaine acrylamide); PEDOT, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene); PEG, poly(ethylene glycol); PEGDA, poly(ethylene glycol diacrylate); PEGMA, poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate; PEGPLA, poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic acid); PHEMA, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate); PMBV, poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine-co-n-butyl methacrylate-co-p-vinylphenylboronic acid); PPy, polypyrrole; PVA, polyvinyl alcohol; PU, polyurethane.