Table 3. Social determinants of health among the total population in cities with a high population proportion Asian American, Asian American subgroup, and non-Hispanic White residents.
| Geographic unit (Minimum population percentage required for a city to be in the top quintile for specified demographic group | N | Children in Poverty, % | High school completion, % | Income inequality (-100 to 100) | Neighborhood racial/ethnic segregation (0-100) | Racial diversity (0-100) | Unemployment, % | Lack of health insurance, % | |||||||
| Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | ||
| Cities higha in all AA (>11.3) | 195 | 14.1 b | .8 | 87.1 | .8 | 15.9c | 1.7 | 9.4 | .5 | 76.7c | .9 | 5.5c | .2 | 8.1 | .4 |
| Cities high in NHW (>68.7) | 16.6 | .9 | 85.0 | .4 | -2.0 | 1.7 | 8.4 | .4 | 47.0 | .9 | 4.9 | .1 | 8.6 | .3 | |
| Cities high in Indian (>2.1) | 178 | 13.5c | .9 | 87.7b | .6 | 16.4c | 1.9 | 9.9 | .5 | 75.0b | .9 | 5.3 | .2 | 8.5 | .5 |
| Cities high in NHW | 17.2 | .9 | 84.9 | .4 | -3.6 | 1.6 | 8.4 | .4 | 46.6 | .9 | 5.0 | .2 | 9.0 | .4 | |
| Cities high in Chinese (>1.9) | 174 | 13.8b | .9 | 85.6 | .8 | 16.6c | 2.0 | 10.4b | .8 | 75.5c | 1.0 | 5.3 | .2 | 7.5c | .4 |
| Cities high in NHW | 16.8 | .9 | 85.0 | .4 | -2.3 | 1.7 | 8.5 | .4 | 46.5 | .9 | 4.9 | .2 | 8.9 | .4 | |
| Cities high in Filipino (>2.0) | 195 | 15.0 | .7 | 86.2 | .8 | 12.9c | 1.5 | 8.8 | .5 | 75.5c | 1.0 | 6.0c | .2 | 9.0 | .4 |
| Cities high in NHW | 16.3 | .9 | 85.3 | .4 | -1.8 | 1.7 | 8.4 | .4 | 47.1 | .8 | 4.8 | .1 | 8.5 | .4 | |
| Cities high in Japanese (>.4) | 169 | 12.7c | .8 | 86.9 | .7 | 17.7c | 1.7 | 8.9 | .5 | 74.0c | 1.2 | 5.3b | .2 | 7.7 | .5 |
| Cities high in NHW | 17.0 | .9 | 85.3 | .4 | -2.8 | 1.7 | 8.5 | .4 | 46.7 | .9 | 4.9 | .2 | 8.8 | .4 | |
| Cities high in Korean (>.7) | 174 | 13.1c | .7 | 85.8 | .7 | 17.2c | 1.8 | 9.3 | .6 | 74.7c | .9 | 5.1 | .1 | 8.3 | .4 |
| Cities high in NHW | 17.1 | .9 | 85.3 | .4 | -3.1 | 1.6 | 8.4 | .4 | 46.6 | .9 | 4.9 | .2 | 8.9 | .4 | |
| Cities high in Vietnamese (>1.0) | 180 | 18.1 | 1.0 | 84.3 | .8 | 7.0c | 1.9 | 10.9c | .6 | 75.5c | 1.0 | 5.7c | .2 | 10.5c | .6 |
| Cities high in NHW | 16.5 | 1.0 | 85.3 | .4 | -1.5 | 1.8 | 8.5 | .4 | 46.3 | .9 | 4.8 | .2 | 8.5 | .4 | |
| Cities high in Other (>1.8) | 175 | 18.6 | 1.1 | 83.9 | .7 | 7.1b | 2.1 | 10.7c | .7 | 76.5c | 1.0 | 5.9c | .2 | 9.0 | .5 |
| Cities high in NHW | 16.0 | .9 | 85.3 | .4 | -.7 | 1.8 | 8.4 | .4 | 46.7 | .9 | 4.8 | .2 | 8.7 | .4 | |
AA, Asian American; NHW, non-Hispanic White.
a. Cities were considered ‘high’ in population for a given group or sub-group if the city total population of that group was in the top population quintile for that group across cities included in the sample.
b. Significantly different from cities with a high population proportion non-Hispanic whites at p<.05.
c. Significantly different from cities with a high population proportion non-Hispanic whites at p<.01.
P-values for between-group differences calculated by independent sample t-tests.