Figure 6. Effect of Juniperus communis (JCo) extract on the inhibition of CT-26 tumors in a BALB/c mouse model. Subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice were treated with 200 mg/kg JCo extract (sc) once every 2 days for 40 days. A and B, Tumor volumes were calculated once every 2 days, and the mice were sacrificed when the tumor volume exceeded 1500 mm³. C-E, Protein expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1), VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, and cleaved caspase-3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and scored using the Quickscore method (scale bars 100 μm). JCo extract-induced cell apoptosis was measured using the TUNEL assay. Data are reported as means±SD. *P<0.05 vs vehicle (ANOVA or t-test).