Table 2.
Antihypertensive medicinal plants used by 18 traditional healers in Bukavu.
| Scientific name | Botanical family | Local names | FL% | RFC | UV | Parts used | Form preparation | Dose Rx/days | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acanthus arboreus Forssk. | Acanthaceae | Ludarhu (Ma) | 2.5 | 0.056 | 0.0061 | Lv | D | 2 hf/L | 3 × 1 gb/7 |
| Ageratum conyzoides (L.) L. | Asteraceae | Munianzigi (Ma) | 20.0 | 0.444 | 0.0485 | AP | D | 4 hf/2L | 3 × ts/10 |
| Allium cepa L. | Amaryllidaceae | Itunguru (Ma) | 7.5 | 0.167 | 0.0181 | Bb | Slice D | Juice 1 hf/2L | Chew as needed |
| Allium sativum L. | Amaryllidaceae | Itunguru sumu (Ma) | 32.5 | 0.722 | 0.0788 | Bb | D | 1 hf/2L | 2 × 0.5 gb/7 |
| Anacardium occidentale L. | Anacardiaceae | Pome (Sw) | 2.5 | 0.056 | 0.0061 | Bk | M | 10 g/2L | 2 × 1 gb/7 |
| Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. | Bromeliaceae | Inanasi (Ma) | 2.5 | 0.056 | 0.0061 | Fr | D | Slide/L | 2 × 1 gb/7 |
| Arachis hypogaea L. | Fabaceae | Akabemba (Ma) and Kalanga (Sw) | 5.0 | 0.111 | 0.0121 | Lv | D | 3 hf/L | 2 × 1 gb/7 |
| Astrochlaena grantii Rendle | Convolvulaceae | Nfubia (Ma) | 2.5 | 0.056 | 0.0061 | Ro | Pw | Mix + Pw | Lick the Pw |
| Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. | Poaceae | Mulonge (Ma) | 10.0 | 0.222 | 0.0242 | Lv | D | 4 hf/2L | 1 gb/ |
| Basella alba L. | Arecaceae | Nderema (Ma) and Ndelema (Le) | 5.0 | 0.111 | 0.0121 | Lv | I | 2 hf/L | 2 × 0.5 gb/7 |
| Bidens pilosa L. | Asteraceae | Kashisha (Ma) | 20.0 | 0.444 | 0.0485 | AP | D | 3 hf/L | 3 × 0.5/7 |
| Brassica oleracea L. | Brassicaceae | Shu (Sw) | 2.5 | 0.056 | 0.0061 | Lv | I | 2 hf/L | As needed |
| Capsicum annuum L. | Solanaceae | Lipipiri (Ma) | 5.0 | 0.111 | 0.0121 | Lv | D | 1 kg/2L | 2 × 1 gb/ |
| Cassia alata L. | Fabaceae | 7.5 | 0.167 | 0.0181 | Bk | I | 2 hf/L | 2 × 0.5 gb/7 | |
| Cassia didymobotrya Fresen. | Fabaceae | Mukakabazimu (Ma) | 7.5 | 0.167 | 0.0181 | Lv | D | 3 hf/L | 2 × 0.5 gb/7 |
| Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don | Apocynaceae | Vinca (Sw) | 15.0 | 0.333 | 0.0364 | Lv | D | 1 hf/L | 3 × 1 gb/7 |
| Chenopodium opulifolium Schrad. ex W.D.J.Koch & Ziz | Amaranthaceae | Mwigembagembye (Ma) | 2.5 | 0.056 | 0.0061 | Lv | I | 2 hf/L | 2 × 1 gb/7 |
| Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle | Rutaceae | 10.0 | 0.222 | 0.0242 | Lv | I | 100 g/2 L | 2 × 1 gb | |
| Conyza sumatrensis (S.F.Blake) Pruski & G.Sancho | Asteraceae | Mulashahugwe (Ma) | 12.5 | 0.278 | 0.0303 | AP | D | 3hf/L | 3 × 0.5/7 |
| Dissotis trothae Gilg | Melastomataceae | Ciberabana and Ikebya (Ma) | 12.5 | 0.278 | 0.0303 | Bk | M | Pw/L | 2 × 1 gb/14 |
| Drymaria cordata (L.) Willd. ex Schult. | Caryophyllaceae | Bwahulo (Ma) | 10.0 | 0.222 | 0.0242 | Lv | I | 1 ts/L | 1 L |
| Dyschoriste perrottetii (Nees) Kuntze | Acanthaceae | Cumumia (Ma) | 12.5 | 0.278 | 0.0303 | Ro | I | 2 hf/L | 3 × 1 gb/7 |
| Elaeis guineensis Jacq. | Arecaceae | Ngazi (Sw) | 2.5 | 0.056 | 0.0061 | Lv | D | 3 hf/2 L | 1gb/7 |
| Erlangea ugandensis S.Moore | Asteraceae | Lwibaye (Ma) | 7.5 | 0.167 | 0.0181 | Ro | Pw | Mix Pw | Lick the Pw |
| Galinsoga ciliata (Raf.) S.F.Blake | Asteraceae | Iragala (Ma) | 25.0 | 0.556 | 0.0606 | AP | D | 3 hf/L | 2 × 1 gb/7 |
| Hypoestes triflora (Forssk.) Roem. & Schult. | Acanthaceae | Mboza (Ma) | 12.5 | 0.278 | 0.0303 | Lv | D | 2 hf/L | 2 × 0.5gb/7 |
| Indigofera arrecta A.Rich. | Fabaceae | Kasholoza (Ma) | 7.5 | 0.167 | 0.0181 | Ro | D | Pw/L | 2 × 0.5gb/7 |
| Kotschya africana Endl. | Fabaceae | Lwazi (Ma) | 7.5 | 0.167 | 0.0181 | Sm | D | 3 hf/3 L | 2 × 1gb/7 |
| Moringa oleifera Lam. | Moringaceae | Mti maria (Ma) and Mlongelonge (Sw) | 25.0 | 0.556 | 0.0606 | Lv | D | 3 hf/2 L | As needed |
| Passiflora edulis Sims | Passifloraceae | Irakucha (Ma) | 12.5 | 0.278 | 0.0303 | Lv | D | 5hf/L | 3 × 1 gb/ |
| Persea americana Mill. | Lauraceae | Mvokati (Ma) | 20.0 | 0.444 | 0.0484 | Lv | D | 5 hf/2 L | 3 × 1 gb/7 |
| Phaseolus lunatus L. | Fabaceae | Kambenga (Ma) | 2.5 | 0.056 | 0.0061 | Sm | D | 3 hf/3 L | As needed |
| Piper capense L.f. | Piperaceae | Nkoza (Ma) | 17.5 | 0.389 | 0.0424 | Fr | I | 29 gPw/2 L | 2 × 1 gb/15 |
| Rauvolfia vomitoria Afzel. | Apocynaceae | Katando (Ma) | 15.0 | 0.333 | 0.0364 | Ro | D | Pw/L | As needed |
| Sida rhombifolia L. | Melastomataceae | Mudundu (Ma) | 15.0 | 0.333 | 0.0364 | Lv | Cr | Juice | Chew |
| Solanum lycopersicum L. | Solanaceae | Itomati (Ma) | 5.0 | 0.111 | 0.0121 | Lv | M | 200 g/2 L | 2 × 1 gb/2 |
| Terminalia catappa L. | Combretaceae | 2.5 | 0.056 | 0.0061 | Ro | Pw | Mix Pw | Lick the Pw | |
| Vernonia amygdalina Delile | Asteraceae | Mubirizi (Ma) | 10.0 | 0.222 | 0.0242 | AP | D | 5 hf/L | 3 × 1 gb/7 |
| Viscum album L. | Santalaceae | 2.5 | 0.056 | 0.0061 | Lv | D | 5 hf/2 L | 2 × 1 gb | |
| Zea mays L. | Poaceae | Muhindi (Sw) | 10.0 | 0.222 | 0.0242 | Fw | D | 1 hf/2 L | 2 × 1 ts/ |
| Zingiber officinale Roscoe | Zingiberaceae | Tangawizi (Sw) | 7.5 | 0.167 | 0.0182 | Rz | D | 2 hfPw/2 L | As needed |
Lv, leaves; Rz, rhizome; Fr, fruit; Bk, bark; Ro, root; Fw, flower; Bb, bulb; Sm, stem; AP, aerial part; D, decoction; I, infusion; M, maceration; Pw, powder; Cr, crude; Pc, crushed piece; gb, glass of beer; hf, handful; ts, teaspoon; Ma, Mashi; Le, Lega; Sw, Swahili.