Fig. 4.

Alterations in the molecular regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis in PE placentae. Protein levels of PGC-1α, NRF1, Tfam, and ERRα (a) and mRNA transcript levels of PGC-1α, PGC-1β, NRF1, NRF2α, Tfam, ERRα, PPARαm and PPARδ (b) were assessed in PE as well as control placentae. Representative immunoblots are shown, and western blots were corrected for total protein loading assessed by Ponceau S staining with adjusted contrast equally applied to the whole photograph. Black boxes around the representative pictures indicate that they were cut from the same western blot. Data is presented as fold change compared to the control placentae and as mean with SEM from n = 11 (controls), n = 12 (preeclampsia). *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01. PGC-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha; NRF1, nuclear respiratory factor 1; Tfam, mitochondrial transcription factor A; ERRα, estrogen-related receptor alpha; PGC-1β, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-beta; NRF2α, nuclear respiratory factor 2 alpha; PPARα, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha; PPARδ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; ETC, electron transport chain; and FAO, fatty acid β-oxidation