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. 2021 Jul 19;11:14723. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-94011-z

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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A schematic representation of the entire S protein with the RBM and cleavage sites highlighted and compared between RhGB01, Pangolin and Bat derived related viruses, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 and percentage identity values for the RBD and RBM regions. Amino acids are coloured according to the Taylor colour scheme. (A) RBM comparison demonstrates higher percentages of homology within sarbecoviruses from other zoonotic hosts. The RBM of MERS-HCoV-EMC-2012, subgenus Merbecovirus, demonstrates little amino acid homology to RBM from the Sarbecovirus subgenus. The furin cleavage site (S1/S2) is only present in SARS-CoV-2, distinct from the TMPRSS2 cleavage motif (S2′), which is more conserved within the sarbecoviruses. (B) Percentage identity scores for the RBM and RBD to SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. RaTG13 and PCoV represent the most closely SARSr-CoV-2 virus from zoonotic hosts.