Table 2.
Pain and pain-related psychosocial factors.
|
Presence of shoulder pain (nonzero rating, n = 35) |
15/35; 42.9% | 43%a | |
| Bilateral shoulder pain (n = 15) | 8/15; 53.3% | – | |
| Musculoskeletal Pain Score (MPS) | |||
| Mean (SD) |
Median (Interquartile range) |
Comparison Mean (SD) |
|
|
MPS_shoulder (n = 15; score = 0–30) |
9.0 (6.4) | 6.0 (4–18) |
11.2 (0.9)b 8.5 (8.8)c |
|
MPS_seriousness (score 0–5) n: left = 10/15; right 13/15 |
Left = 1.7 (1.3) Right = 2.1 (1.2) |
2 (0–3) 2 (1–4) |
2.7 (1.1)b 2.7 (1.4)b |
|
MPS frequency (score 0–3) n: left = 10/15; right 13/15 |
Left = 1.5 (1.4) Right = 2.0 (1.1) |
1 (0–3) 2 (1–3) |
2.6 (0.7)b 2.6 (0.7)b |
| Chronic Pain Coping Inventrory-42 (n = 35, score 0–7) | |||
| Passive strategies | 5.0 (1.3) | 5.4 (4.6–6.0) | 2.6 (1.9)d |
| Proactive strategies | 4.5 (1.3) | 4.7 (3.3–5.5) | 3.7 (1.9)d |
| Self-coping strategies | 5.7 (1.6) | 6.4 (4.8–7.0) | 2.5 (2.0)d |
| Psychosocial Outcome Measures (n = 35) | |||
| Mean (SD) |
Comparison Mean (SD) |
||
| TSK (score = 11–44) | 25.5 (6.8) | 20.5 (5.3)c | |
| FPQ-9 (score = 9–45) | 23.4 (8.5) | 17.4 (6.3)c | |
| PCS_total (score 0–52) | 17.7(11.2) | 9.6 (9.9)c | |
|
PCS_rumination subscale (score = 0–16) |
8.0 (4.8) | – | |
|
PCS_magnification subscale (score = 0–12) |
3.1 (3.1) | – | |
|
PCS_helplessness subscale (score = 0–24) |
6.8 (5.1) | – | |
| SQoL (score = 1–7) | 4.4 (1.6) |
5.7 (0.9)c 5.2 (1.1)e |
|
TSK Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale, FPQ-9 Fear of Pain Questionnaire, PCS Pain Catastrophizing Scale, SQoL Subjective Quality of Life.
aIndividuals (n = 225) with newly acquired SCI [24].
bIndividuals (n = 116) with newly acquired SCI [21].
cIndividuals (n = 26) with chronic SCI [15].
dIndividuals (n = 127) with chronic SCI [44].
eIndividuals (n = 134) with chronic SCI [45].