| P |
“Perception” the patient’s state of knowledge |
What does the patient know about the disease? |
| I |
“Invitation” the patient’s invitation to the physician to provide information |
How much information would the patient like to receive? Can currently available information and findings be discussed in this setting? |
| K |
“Knowledge” the imparting of knowledge |
imparting new information to the patient (new diagnosis and prognosis, changes in the treatment plan) introducing bad news with a warning that bad news is to come |
| E |
“Exploration of Emotions” perceiving and addressing the patient’s emotions and reacting with empathy |
joint bearing of emotions; the physician’s task is not to talk the patient’s feelings away, but rather to show empathy and understanding. This factor determines how much information (perhaps only partial) can be imparted. Some patients can only accept the new facts if they are imparted in a multistep process (14). |
| S |
“Strategy and Summary”summarizing and making plans for the future |
summary of the discussion, looking ahead to coming treatment, setting the next appointment |
