TABLE 1.
Incidence, disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs), and mortality of global skin cancers in 1990 and 2019 and the temporal trends from 1990 to 2019
| Characteristics | 1990 | 2019 | EAPC (1990–2019) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Incidence | DALYs | Death | Incidence | DALYs | Death | ASIR | ASDR | ASMR | |||||||
| Numbers (95% UI) |
ASR No. ×10−5 (95% UI) |
Numbers (95% UI) |
ASR No. ×10−5 (95% UI) |
Numbers (95% UI) |
ASR No. ×10−5 (95% UI) |
Numbers (95% UI) |
ASR No. ×10−5 (95% UI) |
Numbers (95% UI) |
ASR No. ×10−5 (95% UI) |
Numbers (95% UI) |
ASR No. ×10−5 (95% UI) |
(95% CI) | (95% CI) | (95% CI) | |
| Malignant skin melanoma | |||||||||||||||
| Global | |||||||||||||||
| Both | 107380 (85128–134056) | 2.56 (2.05–3.25) | 1025669 (852906–1299132) | 23.58 (19.62–29.92) | 33083 (27827–43094) | 0.85 (0.72–1.10) | 289953 (214481–341965) | 3.56 (2.63–4.19) | 1707846 (1295585–1997465) |
20.81 (15.78–24.33) |
62844 (46317–71001) | 0.79 (0.58–0.89) | 1.13 (0.93–1.32) |
−0.49 (−0.57, −0.41) |
−0.27 (−0.36, −0.19) |
| Male | 52168 (34828–70914) | 2.71 (1.84–3.77) | 559273 (404805–750910) | 26.88 (19.37–36.32) | 17624 (12796–24154) | 0.99 (0.73–1.39) | 153084 (89756–193326) | 4.05 (2.34–5.06) | 973502 (642004–1210394) | 24.83 (16.21–30.76) | 35425 (21971–42688) | 0.98 (0.60–1.17) | 1.38 (1.16–1.59) |
−0.33 (−0.42, −0.24) |
−0.04 (−0.14, 0.05) |
| Female | 55212 (41148–72928) | 2.48 (1.85–3.29) |
466397 (392491–645042) |
20.68 (17.43–28.75) |
15459 (12944–21686) | 0.73 (0.61–1.03) | 136869 (92692–166593) | 3.20 (2.18–3.90) |
734345 (524702–882039) |
17.28 (12.43–20.80) |
27418 (18967–31888) | 0.63 (0.44–0.74) | 0.87 (0.69–1.05) |
−0.68 (−0.75, −0.61) |
−0.53 (−0.61, −0.46) |
| Socio‐demographic Index | |||||||||||||||
| High | 76420 (57943–95320) | 7.86 (5.93–9.66) | 488331 (364154–610094) | 50.60 (37.73–62.56) | 16536 (12750–21901) | 1.64 (1.26–2.16) | 194489 (139700–237650) | 12.40 (9.18–15.50) | 743189 (521411–906594) | 48.06 (34.82–59.93) | 29419 (19479–34234) | 1.63 (1.12–1.93) | 1.79 (1.57–2.02) |
−0.22 (−0.28, −0.16) |
−0.04 (−0.09, 0.01) |
| High‐middle | 22402 (18294–20247) | 2.04 (1.68–2.72) | 302047 (252900–391620) | 26.97 (22.65–35.02) | 9746 (8319–13057) | 0.93 (0.80–1.25) | 67629 (47547–78643) | 3.54 (2.48–4.10) | 490829 (356720–558876) | 25.70 (18.81–29.57) | 17965 (12942–20247) | 0.91 (0.66–1.03) |
2.02 (1.85 –2.19) |
−0.33 (−0.49, −0.17) |
−0.15 (−0.31, −0.01) |
| Middle | 4988 (3866–6581) | 0.44 (0.35–0.58) | 126906 (96412–173680) | 10.04 (7.69–13.55) | 3770 (2905–5046) | 0.37 (0.29–0.48) | 17303 (13663–20507) | 0.70 (0.55–0.83) | 243560 (191742–291014) |
9.51 (7.54–11.33) |
8559 (6747–10203) |
0.37 (0.29–0.44) |
1.84 (1.73–1.96) |
−0.19 (−0.23, −0.16) |
0.00 (−0.04, 0.04) |
| Low‐middle | 2103 (1497–3034) | 0.32 (0.23–0.44) | 61650 (42187–92963) |
8.07 (5.67−11.82) |
1768 (1254−2564) | 0.30 (0.22−0.41) | 6124 (4789−7242) | 0.42 (0.33−0.50) |
130964 (101688−157188) |
8.52 (6.63−10.26) |
4158 (3260−5001) | 0.31 (0.24−0.37) |
1.03 (0.99−1.07) |
0.19 (0.17, 0.22) | 0.19 (0.16, 0.23) |
| Low | 1428 (924–2250) | 0.50 (0.35–0.73) | 46297 (28979–77576) |
14.18 (9.40–21.77) |
1248 (831–1931) | 0.48 (0.34–0.69) | 3222 (2445–4161) | 0.51 (0.38–0.65) | 98510 (74008–127212) | 13.79 (10.24–17.49) | 2713 (2014–3439) | 0.47 (0.35–0.59) |
0.22 (0.14, 0.30) |
−0.13 (−0.15, −0.1) |
−0.08 (−0.09, −0.06) |
| Malignant skin melanoma | |||||||||||||||
| Region | |||||||||||||||
| Asia Pacific, high income | 1705 (1466–2237) | 0.88 (0.75–1.16) | 13346 (11901–18063) |
6.78 (6.06–9.16) |
458 (402–626) | 0.24 (0.21–0.33) | 5743 (3920–6910) | 1.76 (1.20–2.11) | 22747 (15186–26687) |
7.07 (4.79–8.27) |
1042 (722–1203) | 0.24 (0.16–0.27) | 2.65 (2.38, 3.93) | 0.21 (0.09, 0.33) |
0.05 (−0.04, 0.14) |
| Central Asia | 552 (397–652) | 1.12 (0.79–1.31) | 10368 (7582–12138) |
19.93 (14.53–23.16) |
352 (249–408) | 0.76 (0.53–0.88) | 1014 (849–1444) | 1.34 (1.13–1.90) | 14473 (12176−20500) |
15.47 (13.02–21.92) |
489 (415–683) |
0.73 (0.62–1.00) |
−0.05 (−0.70, 0.03) |
−1.16 (−1.58, −0.74) |
−0.92 (−1.35, −0.48) |
| East Asia | 3864 (2717–5427) | 0.40 (0.29–0.56) | 99670 (66737–143643) | 9.52 (6.50–13.93) | 2881 (1995–4217) | 0.33 (0.24–0.48) | 17349 (10980–21918) | 0.91 (0.58–1.14) | 157822 (102030–196625) | 8.08 (5.27–10.05) | 5456 (3576–6815) |
0.28 (0.19–0.35) |
3.28 (2.97,3.58) | −0.52 (−0.64, −0.40) |
−0.39 (−0.50, −0.29) |
| South Asia | 1284(917–1800) | 0.21 (0.15–0.28) |
38905 (27418–56686) |
5.26 (3.80–7.50) | 1094 (791–1557) | 0.20 (0.15–0.27) | 3768 (2617–4571) | 0.25 (0.18–0.30) |
85960 (60777–103182) |
5.38 (3.85–6.50) | 2660 (1911–3222) | 0.19 (0.14–0.24) |
0.64 (0.59, 0.7) |
0.05 (0, 0.1) | −0.15 (−0.22, −0.07) |
| Southeast Asia | 745 (582–1146) | 0.26 (0.21–0.38) | 22654 (17258–35353) | 6.90 (5.40–10.48) | 658 (521–993) | 0.25 (0.20–0.36) | 1716 (1359–2389) | 0.28 (0.22–0.39) |
42051 (33965–58361) |
6.39 (5.14–8.83) |
1434 (1148–1975) | 0.25 (0.20–0.34) |
0.23 (0.17, 0.28) |
−0.32 (−0.34, −0.29) |
−0.05 (−0.09, −0.02) |
| Australasia | 7194 (5608–9420) | 31.72 (24.55–41.32) | 31241 (23438–41436) |
138.36 (104.35–182.31) |
1013 (787–1399) | 4.41 (3.42–6.06) | 18373 (12445–24061) | 43.36 (30.23–57.02) | 54107 (37983–69260) | 128.92 (93.12–169.58) | 2098 (1389–2511) | 4.37 (2.96–5.41) | 0.98 (0.79, 1.18) | −0.25 (−0.35, −0.15) | 0.01 (−0.1, 0.12) |
| Caribbean | 209 (181–281) | 0.75 (0.65–1.01) |
3848 (3202–5503) |
13.36 (11.18–18.79) | 126 (106–175) | 0.48 (0.41–0.66) | 566 (447–749) | 1.11 (0.87–1.46) |
7250 (5736–9690) |
14.26 (11.26–19.14) | 268 (215–358) | 0.52 (0.42–0.69) |
1.22 (1.15, 1.28) |
0.08 (−0.03, 0.18) |
0.15 (0.06, 0.24) |
| Central Europe | 5103 (4301–6768) | 3.62 (3.06–4.78) | 74977 (62565–98648) | 53.32 (44.47–69.79) | 2473 (2112–3334) | 1.76 (1.50–2.37) | 13818 (9945–16809) | 7.73 (5.66–9.40) |
105197 (74961–127277) |
59.98 (43.25–73.01) |
4144 (2878–4959) | 2.09 (1.47–2.52) | 2.76 (2.59, 2.94) | 0.40 (0.29, 0.52) | 0.66 (0.55, 0.77) |
| Malignant skin melanoma | |||||||||||||||
| Region | |||||||||||||||
| Eastern Europe | 6747 (5609–9823) | 2.54 (2.10–3.69) |
99568 (79908–138634) |
37.75 (30.06–52.09) | 3173 (2651–4641) | 1.19 (0.99–1.74) | 17924 (13058–22508) | 5.93 (4.36–7.44) |
160338 (120985–193182) |
54.83 (41.95–66.45) |
5399 (4056–6515) | 1.70 (1.28–2.06) |
3.21 (2.99, 3.42) |
0.99 (0.68, 1.31) | 1.01 (0.72, 1.29) |
| Western Europe | 34460 (27189–44244) | 7.00 (5.47–8.92) |
252769 (195891–336947) |
51.79 (39.94–67.67) |
8898 (7176–12092) | 1.67 (1.33–2.26) | 99643 (61381–119771) | 14.55 (9.16–17.60) | 393137 (237792–443322) | 57.40 (35.15–65.13) | 15922 (9412–17764) | 1.89 (1.13–2.10) |
2.58 (2.32, 2.84) |
0.36 (0.26, 0.46) | 0.48 (0.39, 0.56) |
| Andean Latin America | 218 (166–316) | 0.97 (0.75–1.37) | 5638 (4218–8513) | 22.71 (17.32–32.69) | 186 (143–264) | 0.89 (0.69–1.24) | 786 (565–1104) | 1.37 (0.99–1.92) |
11979 (8569–17172) |
20.56 (14.69–29.23) | 475 (339–640) | 0.86 (0.61–1.15) |
1.41 (1.31, 1.51) |
−0.20 (−0.28, 0.11) |
0.07 (−0.02, 0.16) |
| Central Latin America | 683 (601–994) | 0.72 (0.62–1.03) | 14901 (13197–22009) | 14.34 (12.63–21.36) | 472 (410–695) | 0.55 (0.47–0.80) | 3459 (2710–4716) | 1.43 (1.12–1.95) | 44445 (34503–61971) |
18.16 (14.10–25.22) |
1666 (1275–2249) | 0.71 (0.54–0.96) |
2.30 (2.18, 2.42) |
0.75 (0.69, 0.80) | 0.82 (0.76, 0.87) |
| Southern Latin America | 732 (630–1077) | 1.58 (1.36–2.32) | 13090 (11270–19444) | 27.90 (24.02–41.48) | 448 (389–671) | 0.99 (0.85–1.48) | 2606 (1817–3486) | 3.31 (2.32–4.44) |
27609 (19727–34976) |
35.44 (25.61–45.44) | 1049 (742–1312) | 1.28 (0.91–1.60) |
2.33 (2.09, 2.57) |
0.59 (0.41, 0.78) | 0.71 (0.52, 0.91) |
| Tropical Latin America | 1359 (1067–1816) | 1.30 (1.01–1.73) |
31294 (24617–43260) |
27.87 (21.78–38.32) | 929 (724–1271) | 0.97 (0.75–1.32) | 4921 (3944–6936) | 2.02 (1.62–2.84) | 70759 (58975–103756) | 28.61 (23.88–41.90) | 2514 (1971–3549) |
1.05 (0.82–1.47) |
1.47 (1.27, 1.66) |
0 (−0.16, 0.17) | 0.23 (0.09, 0.37) |
| North Africa and Middle East | 1094 (639–1564) | 0.57 (0.34–0.80) |
26035 (14697–38550) |
12.14 (6.93–17.66) |
796 (463–1140) | 0.47 (0.28–0.65) | 3885 (2641–4669) | 0.83 (0.55–1.00) |
47804 (32044–58375) |
9.58 (6.38–11.64) | 1619 (1057–1957) | 0.40 (0.26–0.48) | 1.28 (1.20, 1.36) |
−0.93 (−0.97, −0.88) |
−0.62 (−0.66, −0.58) |
| North America, high income | 39624 (28895–47582) | 12.18 (8.81–14.43) |
231788 (162648–277367) |
72.36 (50.75–86.30) | 7588 (5575–9540) | 2.25 (1.65–2.81) | 90002 (67857–118878) | 16.62 (13.09–22.68) |
342133 (264823–458947) |
64.24 (51.69–89.70) | 13202 (9438–16648) | 2.20 (1.63–2.85) |
1.86 (0.63, 1.09) |
−0.55 (−0.61, −0.50) |
−0.18 (−0.23, −0.14) |
| Malignant skin melanoma | |||||||||||||||
| Region | |||||||||||||||
| Oceania |
16 (11–27) |
0.48 (0.34–0.83) |
478 (317–854) |
12.49 (8.49–22.01) |
14 (10–25) |
0.49 (0.34–0.84) |
36 (24–57) |
0.48 (0.33–0.74) |
1073 (694–1756) |
12.13 (8.08–19.37) | 33 (22–52) |
0.48 (0.34–0.75) |
−0.01 (−0.04, 0.02) |
−0.04 (−0.07, −0.01) | 0.02 (−0.01, 0.06) |
| Central Sub‐Saharan Africa | 166 (108–281) | 0.64 (0.44–0.93) | 5288 (3297–9736) | 17.11 (11.51–26.57) | 148 (99–231) | 0.63 (0.44–0.88) | 412 (295–596) | 0.67 (0.48–0.92) |
11919 (8415–17619) |
16.63 (11.84–23.56) |
348 (249–493) | 0.63 (0.44–0.86) |
0.20 (0.13, 0.26) |
−0.08 (−0.12, −0.04) |
0.04 (0, 0.08) |
| Eastern Sub‐Saharan Africa | 797 (521–1314) | 0.83 (0.57–1.25) | 26209 (16519–45722) |
23.98 (16.12–37.68) |
681 (456–1095) | 0.77 (0.54–1.16) | 1936 (1436–2685) | 0.90 (0.66–1.20) |
56660 (42429–78441) |
23.36 (17.22–31.48) |
1504 (1112–2017) | 0.78 (0.57–1.03) |
0.28 (0.22, 0.33) |
−0.08 (−0.12, −0.04) |
0.04 (0.01, 0.07) |
| Southern Sub‐Saharan Africa | 400 (307–529) | 1.31 (1.00–1.65) |
10263 (7922–13964) |
30.55 (23.39–39.96) | 320 (243–411) | 1.13 (0.84–1.42) | 951 (638–1176) | 1.59 (1.04–1.94) |
21071 (14225–26144) |
32.67 (21.66–39.86) |
705 (458–856) | 1.27 (0.80–1.53) | 0.72 (0.64, 0.80) |
0.34 (0.19, 0.50) |
0.49 (0.33, 0.66) |
| Western Sub‐Saharan Africa | 429 (275–608) | 0.42 (0.28–0.56) | 13340 (8025–20582) |
11.26 (7.20–15.57) |
375 (243–521) | 0.40 (0.27–0.53) | 1047 (707–1329) | 0.45 (0.31–0.57) | 29312 (20108–38381) | 10.85 (7.38–13.83) | 815 (559–1038) | 0.40 (0.27–0.50) |
0.34 (0.27, 0.41) |
−0.08 (−0.13, −0.03) |
0.08 (0.03, 0.12) |
| Non‐melanoma skin cancer (squamous‐cell carcinoma) | |||||||||||||||
| Global | |||||||||||||||
| Both | 756481 (606882–933155) | 22.27 (18.04–27.43) |
561292 (518444–598784) |
14.42 (13.30–15.40) | 23222 (21441–24436) | 0.69 (0.63–0.73) | 2402221 (2122698–2712803) | 30.30 (26.89–34.08) |
1181530 (1084052–1262186) |
14.64 (13.43–15.64) | 56054 (50415–59792) | 0.73 (0.65–0.78) |
1.13 (0.50, 1.77) |
0.20 (0.10, 0.30) | 0.41 (0.34, 0.49) |
| Male | 407454 (324920–512867) | 28.15 (22.69–35.14) |
346680 (312729–371315) |
19.59 (17.63–21.01) | 13696 (12374–14508) | 0.95 (0.86–1.01) | 1444114 (1263056–1652684) | 41.39 (36.28–47.23) |
741595 (681105–800732) |
20.02 (18.42–21.62) |
33244 (30347–35571) | 1.01 (0.91–1.08) |
1.38 (0.74, 2.03) |
0.19 (0.09, 0.30) |
0.40 (0.33, 0.48) |
| Female | 349028 (282227–428879) | 18.13 (14.67–22.28) | 214612 (196484–238679) |
10.28 (9.41 −11.38) |
9526 (8681–10355) | 0.50 (0.45–0.54) | 958107 (844943–1080644) | 21.84 (19.26–24.62) | 439935 (386241–484874) | 10.14 (8.91–11.17) | 22809 (19350–25231) |
0.52 (0.44–0.58) |
0.71 (0.10, 1.33) |
0.14 (0.03, 0.26) |
0.36 (0.26, 0.45) |
| Non‐melanoma skin cancer (squamous‐cell carcinoma) | |||||||||||||||
| Socio‐demographic Index | |||||||||||||||
| High | 706826 (562544–876862) | 67.94 (54.74–84.13) |
163231 (146023–184354) |
16.03 (14.38–18.06) | 6199 (5759–6394) | 0.61 (0.56–0.63) | 2252560 (1993685–2549163) | 116.50 (102.73–132.17) |
311830 (268493–365959) |
16.64 (14.35–19.52) | 13002 (11102–13900) | 0.61 (0.53–0.64) |
1.97 (1.3, 2.65) |
0.2 (−0.1, 0.49) |
0.20 (0.09, 0.31) |
| High‐middle | 33081 (28641–38439) | 3.52 (3.07–4.06) | 162610(153561–170464) | 15.84 (14.95–16.60) | 7641 (7187–7973) | 0.87 (0.80–0.91) | 84828 (74907–95693) | 4.24 (3.76–4.76) | 278963 (255989–298819) | 14.12 (12.96–15.12) | 15469 (13914–16567) | 0.80 (0.71–0.86) |
0.67 (0.54, 0.8) |
−0.36 (−0.44, −0.27) |
−0.22 (−0.28, −0.16) |
| Middle | 11348 (9800–13008) | 1.34 (1.18–1.53) | 151251 (138925–163475) | 14.27 (13.13–15.40) | 6009 (5529–6491) | 0.73 (0.66–0.78) | 44094 (37509–51378) | 1.95 (1.67–2.24) | 371726 (335341–406668) | 15.38 (13.80–16.79) | 17710 (15838–19361) | 0.84 (0.75–0.92) |
1.37 (1.29, 1.54) |
0.55 (0.41, 0.69) | 0.85 (0.69, 1.01) |
| Low‐middle | 4047 (3518–4598) | 0.85 (0.75–0.96) | 66519 (54875–76684) | 11.04 (8.97–12.59) | 2657 (2142–3028) | 0.57 (0.45–0.65) | 14737 (12683–16987) | 1.22 (1.06–1.40) | 171270 (152501–187298) | 12.73 (11.23–13.96) | 7865 (6864–8605) | 0.69 (0.59–0.76) | 1.31 (1.25, 1.36) | 0.68 (0.58, 0.78) | 0.9 (0.77, 1.04) |
| Low | 1112 (940–1298) | 0.57 (0.50–0.66) | 17352 (12141–20837) | 7.42 (4.98–8.88) | 701 (466–838) | 0.39 (0.24–0.47) | 8330 (5861–11397) | 0.61 (0.53–0.70) | 46978 (32488–55884) | 8.91 (6.00–10.61) | 2688 (2296–3113) |
0.48 (0.31–0.57) |
0.57 (0.47, 0.67) |
0.7 (0.66, 0.73) | 0.8 (0.75, 0.85) |
| Region | |||||||||||||||
| Asia Pacific, high income | 1355 (1166–1578) | 0.78 (0.67–0.91) | 14507 (13906–15001) | 7.55 (7.19–7.82) | 729 (682–760) | 0.43 (0.39–0.45) | 6864 (5593–8285) | 1.21 (0.99–1.44) |
26707 (22953–28897) |
6.00 (5.37–6.42) | 2072 (1656–2306) | 0.36 (0.30–0.40) | 1.37 (1.19, 1.54) |
−0.8 (−0.89, −0.7) |
−0.57 (−0.65, −0.49) |
| Central Asia | 896 (761–1040) |
2.05 (1.75–2.36) |
4567(4013–4956) | 9.58 (8.35–10.43) | 197 (168–216) | 0.47 (0.39–0.52) | 1851 (1582–2127) | 2.91 (2.52–3.29) | 11287 (9763–12527) |
15.57 (13.31–17.14) |
476 (404–522) |
0.83 (0.70–0.91) |
1.4 (1.17, 1.64) | 2.32 (2.05, 2.6) | 2.72 (2.43, 3.01) |
| East Asia | 5723 (4880–6630) | 0.80 (0.70–0.92) | 133982 (117575–151252) | 14.64 (12.90–16.45) | 5180 (4578–5805) | 0.70 (0.62–0.78) | 41696 (35043–49043) | 2.08 (1.76–2.42) |
332831 (280835–384492) |
16.60 (14.11–19.12) | 15905 (13480–18220) | 0.87 (0.74–0.99) |
3.19 (3.01, 3.37) |
1.03 (0.76, 1.3) | 1.39 (1.09, 1.69) |
| Non‐melanoma skin cancer (squamous‐cell carcinoma) | |||||||||||||||
| Region | |||||||||||||||
| South Asia | 1622 (1356–1912) | 0.39 (0.33–0.45) | 38950 (26205–47447) | 7.13 (4.67–8.68) | 1586 (1035–1935) | 0.38 (0.24–0.47) | 4507 (3817–5306) | 0.38 (0.33–0.44) |
90033 (69403–107258) |
6.53 (5.02–7.76) | 4130 (3139–4905) | 0.35 (0.27–0.42) |
−0.02 (−0.05, 0) |
−0.44 (−0.5 −0.37) |
−0.43 (−0.52, −0.35) |
| Southeast Asia | 1871 (1657–2091) | 0.86 (0.77–0.96) | 43607 (37759–50243) | 15.74 (13.65–18.02) | 1642 (1418–1874) |
0.74 (0.63–0.84) |
4718 (4160–15333) | 0.88 (0.79–0.98) | 97002 (83967–109397) | 15.66 (13.52–17.62) | 4107 (3557–4596) | 0.78 (0.67–0.87) |
0.10 (0.04, 0.16) |
−0.21 (−0.33, −0.1) |
−0.05 (−0.17, 0.06) |
| Australasia | 46825 (40005–54307) | 202.89 (174.68–233.86) |
8221 (8221–9247) |
35.72 (32.33–40.23) |
324 (301–346) | 1.44 (1.32–1.54) | 126454 (106605–148627) | 249.75 (210.03–294.74) | 19247 (16920–22056) | 38.68 (34.11–44.15) | 927 (804–1011) | 1.70 (1.48–1.85) |
0.58 (0.43, 0.73) |
0.09 (0.01, 0.16) |
0.39 (0.28, 0.51) |
| Caribbean | 654 (582–723) | 2.66 (2.38–2.94) |
5425 (5085–5801) |
20.89 (19.52–22.32) | 269 (247–287) | 1.15 (1.05–1.23) | 1541 (1389–1705) | 2.97 (2.68–3.29) |
13295 (11186–15377) |
25.72 (21.65–29.74) | 739 (623–853) | 1.41 (1.19–1.63) |
0.41 (0.34, 0.47) |
0.97 (0.85, 1.09) | 0.97 (0.84, 1.09) |
| Central Europe | 5194 (4710–5740) | 3.87 (3.51–4.27) |
31599 (28828–32548) |
23.30 (21.10–24.07) |
1774 (1602–1845) | 1.47 (1.30–1.54) | 9875 (8881–10925) | 4.52 (4.07–4.99) |
35219 (31119–39591) |
17.01 (15.00–19.15) | 2366 (2056–2657) | 1.08 (0.94–1.21) |
0.72 (0.65, 0.79) |
−1.35 (−1.5, −1.2) |
−1.33 (−1.52, −1.13) |
| Eastern Europe | 6067 (5056–7195) | 2.40 (2.01–2.80) |
40503 (37517–42799) |
15.30 (14.18–16.16) | 1831 (1712–1961) | 0.75 (0.70–0.81) | 10101 (8403–12036) | 2.93 (2.44–3.48) |
55357 (49136–62205) |
17.09 (15.12–19.10) | 2894 (2573–3233) | 0.86 (0.76–0.96) |
0.97 (0.84, 1.11) |
0.1 (−0.19, 0.4) |
0.28 (0.03, 0.53) |
| Western Europe | 32240 (28714–35726) | 5.58 (4.99–6.20) |
62068 (58376–63868) |
11.29 (10.62–11.61) | 3590 (3263–3728) | 0.64 (0.57–0.66) | 65275 (56889–74318) | 6.87 (5.93–7.89) |
89530 (79999–94768) |
9.90 (9.04–10.44) | 6563 (5572–7043) | 0.60 (0.52–0.64) |
0.89 (0.8, 0.99) |
−0.24 (−0.38, −0.11) |
0.07 (−0.08, 0.22) |
| Andean Latin America | 420 (372–472) | 2.23 (2.00–2.51) |
3156 (2777–3680) |
14.84 (13.10–17.17) | 145 (128–165) | 0.81 (0.71–0.91) | 1436 (1256–1629) | 2.65 (2.31–3.00) |
10191 (8165–12331) |
18.10 (14.53–21.84) | 569 (467–677) | 1.06 (0.87–1.27) | 0.69 (0.61, 0.77) |
0.77 (0.63, 0.91) |
1.12 (0.96, 1.27) |
| Non‐melanoma skin cancer (squamous‐cell carcinoma) | |||||||||||||||
| Region | |||||||||||||||
| Central Latin America | 3658 (3149–4197) | 4.79 (4.14–5.47) | 21064 (19848–21785) | 24.18 (22.60–25.08) | 922 (853–961) | 1.28 (1.16–1.34) | 11594 (10005–13283) | 5.07 (4.39–5.81) |
50565 (43604–58328) |
21.46 (18.44–24.75) | 2757 (2343–3152) | 1.23 (1.04–1.40) |
0.34 (0.25, 0.43) |
−0.53 (−0.58, −0.49) |
−0.23 (−0.28, −0.18) |
| Southern Latin America | 2593 (2247–2955) | 5.98 (5.20–6.80) | 6628 (6167–7213) | 14.80 (13.74–16.16) | 326 (301–359) | 0.80 (0.73–0.88) | 8335 (7276–9461) | 9.86 (8.61–11.16) | 13297 (12036–14079) | 16.10 (14.57–17.05) | 803 (704–861) |
0.94 (0.83–1.01) |
1.62 (1.32, 1.93) |
0.31 (0.27, 0.35) |
0.66 (0.61, 0.71) |
| Tropical Latin America | 2560 (2192–2967) | 2.99 (2.57–3.45) | 19449 (18621–20268) | 20.68 (19.56–21.60) | 801 (753–839) | 1.06 (0.97–1.12) | 12085 (10224–14065) | 5.07 (4.29–5.91) |
53225 (48153–56188) |
22.10 (19.88–23.36) | 2805 (2424–3000) | 1.22 (1.05–1.31) |
1.89 (1.75, 2.03) |
0.35 (0.28, 0.42) |
0.72 (0.65, 0.79) |
| North Africa and Middle East | 1503 (1300–1718) | 1.03 (0.91–1.16) | 15483 (13523–17893) |
9.11 (7.81–10.58) |
667 (563–778) | 0.50 (0.41–0.60) | 4347 (3782–4943) | 1.15 (1.01–1.30) | 38526 (34637–43203) | 9.08 (8.11–10.14) | 1845 (1636–2063) | 0.54 (0.47–0.61) | 0.45 (0.26, 0.64) |
0.01 (−0.04, 0.06) |
0.33 (0.20, 0.47) |
| North America, high income | 641232 (500514–807198) | 179.63 (141.66–224.05) | 94769 (79206–115168) | 27.60 (23.24–33.08) | 2528 (2335–2609) | 0.72 (0.66–0.74) | 2085597 (1843524–2366411) | 324.18 (285.94–368.52) | 193954 (155776–243557) | 30.91 (25.05–38.75) | 5000 (4332–5316) | 0.75 (0.66–0.79) | 2.2 (1.46, 2.95) | 0.42 (−0.02, 0.87) | 0.29 (0.16, 0.43) |
| Oceania | 14 (13–16) | 0.67 (0.61–0.74) | 390 (481–317) | 13.11 (10.78–16.05) |
15 (12–18) |
0.70 (0.57–0.85) | 38 (34–42) | 0.71 (0.65–0.78) | 1044 (802–1387) | 14.56 (11.53–18.65) |
40 (32–52) |
0.80 (0.65–0.98) | 0.24 (0.21, 0.27) | 0.41 (0.35, 0.48) | 0.50 (0.44, 0.56) |
|
Central Sub‐Saharan Africa |
139 (116–165) | 0.77 (0.67–0.88) | 1875 (1281–2371) | 8.55 (5.48–10.93) | 73 (47–93) | 0.46 (0.27–0.60) | 379 (321–444) | 0.85 (0.75–0.98) | 5711 (3938–7499) |
10.62 (6.98–13.89) |
227 (149–298) | 0.57 (0.36–0.75) |
0.47 (0.37, 0.57) |
0.86 (0.77, 0.94) |
0.83 (0.75, 0.91) |
|
Eastern Sub‐Saharan Africa |
477 (402–557) | 0.78 (0.68–0.89) |
6417 (3959–7954) |
8.78 (5.12–11.06) | 266 (153–335) | 0.48 (0.25–0.62) | 1205 (1030–1408) | 0.87 (0.76–1.00) | 18836 (11106–23606) | 11.66 (6.54–14.69) | 814 (450–1029) | 0.66 (0.34–0.84) |
0.47 (0.40, 0.55) |
1.12 (1.06, 1.18) |
1.23 (1.17, 1.29) |
| Non‐melanoma skin cancer (squamous‐cell carcinoma) | |||||||||||||||
| Region | |||||||||||||||
|
Southern Sub‐Saharan Africa |
1103 (895–1337) | 4.21 (3.44–5.05) |
3365 (2843–3755) |
12.13 (10.12–13.60) | 151 (125–170) | 0.65 (0.54–0.74) | 3514 (2854–4246) | 6.51 (5.29–7.82) |
8692 (7839–9435) |
15.72 (14.19–17.00) | 401 (362–433) | 0.86 (0.77–0.93) |
1.25 (0.62, 1.89) |
1.21 (1.09, 1.32) |
1.23 (1.13, 1.33) |
| Western Sub‐Saharan Africa |
335 (284–392) |
0.42 (0.37–0.49) | 5268 (4410–6211) | 5.64 (4.68–6.64) | 205 (169–240) | 0.27 (0.22–0.32) |
810 (688–942) |
0.48 (0.42–0.56) | 16980 (12876–20755) | 7.71 (5.90–9.26) | 612 (471–732) | 0.38 (0.29–0.44) |
0.56 (0.52, 0.59) |
1.30 (1.18, 1.41) |
1.33 (1.22, 1.45) |
| Non‐melanoma skin cancer (basal‐cell carcinoma) | |||||||||||||||
| Global | |||||||||||||||
| Both | 1194817 (1003244–1414118) | 31.82 (26.70–37.62) | 562 (257–1040) |
0.01 (0.01–0.03) |
— | — | 3951466 (3488307–4463602) | 48.80 (43.11–55.01) | 1703 (782–3191) | 0.02 (0.01–0.04) | — | — |
2.23 (1.75, 2.72) |
1.89 (1.46, 2.33) |
— |
| Male | 603786 (503497–720199) | 37.34 (31.35–44.48) | 274 (126–516) |
0.02 (0.01–0.03) |
— | — | 2238819 (1971821–2534569) | 61.42 (54.30–69.59) | 933 (431–1739) | 0.03 (0.01–0.05) | — | — |
2.6 (2.04, 3.16) |
2.25 (1.75, 2.75) | — |
| Female | 591031 (495555–693623) | 28.37 (23.81–33.24) | 288 (131–537) |
0.01 (0.01–0.03) |
— | — | 1712647 (1509698–1929286) | 39.31 (34.70–44.26) | 770 (357–1443) |
0.02 (0.01–0.03) |
— | — |
1.75 (1.32, 2.18) |
1.44 (1.06, 1.82) | — |
| Socio‐demographic Index | |||||||||||||||
| High | 869169 (725323–1042112) | 84.49 (70.68–100.13) | 385 (178–707) |
0.04 (0.02–0.07) |
— | — | 3092344 (2747219–3465310) | 172.17 (153.37–191.24) | 1250 (583–2320) | 0.07 (0.03–0.13) | — | — |
3.48 (2.88, 2.09) |
3.14 (2.58, 3.7) | — |
| High‐middle | 203645 (175779–234580) | 19.56 (16.97–22.49) | 110 (51–208) |
0.01 (0.00–0.02) |
— | — | 444878 (374730–520353) | 22.06 (18.64–25.71) | 233 (107–450) |
0.01 (0.01–0.02) |
— | — | 0.43 (0.33, 0.54) |
0.37 (0.28, 0.46) |
— |
| Non‐melanoma skin cancer (basal‐cell carcinoma) | |||||||||||||||
| Socio‐demographic Index | |||||||||||||||
| Middle | 81030 (67540–95851) | 7.97 (6.64–9.36) | 46 (21–88) |
0.00 (0.00–0.01) |
— | — | 282680 (233627–331957) | 11.38 (9.48–13.33) |
159 (71–302) |
0.01 (0.00–0.01) |
— | — | 1.44 (1.23, 1.64) | 1.24 (1.05, 1.43) | — |
| Low‐middle | 32233 (26643–38697) | 5.60 (4.64–6.63) | 17 (8–32) |
0.00 (0.00–0.01) |
— | — | 97519 (78989–117419) | 7.11 (5.79–8.47) | 50 (22–95) |
0.00 (0.00–0.01) |
— | — |
0.81 (0.70, 0.93) |
0.75 (0.64, 0.86) | — |
| Low | 8469 (6574–10699) | 3.37 (2.66–4.15) | 4 (2–9) |
0.00 (0.00–0.00) |
— | — | 19022 (14945–24120) | 3.37 (2.67–4.15) |
10 (5–20) |
0.00 (0.00–0.00) |
— | — |
0.21 (0.08, 0.33) |
0.13 (0.02, 0.24) | — |
| Region | |||||||||||||||
| Asia Pacific, high income | 5305 (4314–6415) | 2.74 (2.25–3.29) | 4 (2–8) |
0.00 (0.00–0.00) |
— | — | 17425 (14628–20804) | 3.95 (3.30–4.73) |
14 (6–27) |
0.00 (0.00–0.01) |
— | — |
0.91 (0.80, 1.02) |
0.76 (0.65, 0.86) | — |
| Central Asia | 10413 (8272–12612) | 22.65 (18.07–27.23) |
6 (2–11) |
0.01 (0.01–0.02) |
— | — | 16635 (12955–20530) | 22.82 (18.02–27.70) | 9 (4–17) |
0.01 (0.01–0.02) |
— | — |
0.03 (0.02, 0.04) |
0.0 (−0.01, 0.01) |
— |
| East Asia | 34453 (28170–41956) | 3.78 (3.10–4.53) | 23 (10–44) |
0.00 (0.00–0.00) |
— | — | 246958 (206646–285908) | 11.78 (9.97–13.55) | 142 (63–275) |
0.01 (0.00–0.01) |
— | — |
3.94 (3.4, 4.48) |
3.52 (3.05, 3.99) | — |
| South Asia | 8417 (6254–11419) | 1.29 (0.97–1.66) | 5 (2–9) |
0.00 (0.00–0.00) |
— | — | 21286 (16355–27557) | 1.42 (1.10–1.79) | 12 (2–23) |
0.00 (0.00–0.00) |
— | — |
0.36 (0.30, 0.41) |
0.38 (0.33, 0.43) |
— |
| Southeast Asia | 5830 (4928–6795) | 2.27 (1.94–2.63) |
4 (2–7) |
0.00 (0.00–0.00) |
— | — | 9981 (7485–12794) | 1.63 (1.25–2.05) | 6 (3–13) |
0.00 (0.00–0.00) |
— | — |
−0.69 (−0.98, −0.40) |
−0.65 (−0.91, −0.39) |
— |
| Non‐melanoma skin cancer (basal‐cell carcinoma) | |||||||||||||||
| Region | |||||||||||||||
| Australasia | 6725 (5294–8159) | 29.25 (23.23–35.33) | 4 (2–8) |
0.02 (0.01–0.03) |
— | — | 13722 (10977–16820) | 29.45 (23.54–35.74) | 8 (4–16) |
0.02 (0.01–0.03) |
— | — |
0.15 (0.04, 0.25) |
0.10 (0.03, 0.18) |
— |
| Caribbean | 1960 (1573–2377) | 7.44 (5.96–8.99) | 1 (1–2) |
0.00 (0.00–0.01) |
— | — | 3250 (2535–3980) | 6.28 (4.91–7.70) |
2 (1–4) |
0.00 (0.00–0.01) |
— | — |
−0.58 (−0.69, −0.47) |
−0.57 (−0.66, −0.47) |
— |
| Central Europe | 33348 (29301–37879) | 23.09 (20.47–26.05) | 18 (8–35) |
0.01 (0.01–0.02) |
— | — | 62142 (51628–73676) | 29.45 (24.72–34.49) |
32 (15–61) |
0.02 (0.01–0.03) |
— | — | 1.01 (0.87, 1.15) | 0.83 (0.72, 0.94) | — |
| Eastern Europe | 44224 (35328–53344) | 16.17 (12.99–19.30) | 24 (11–47) |
0.01 (0.00–0.02) |
— | — | 65244 (51565–79858) | 19.21 (15.24–23.24) | 35 (16–68) |
0.01 (0.00–0.02) |
— | — |
0.54 (0.48, 0.60) |
0.45 (0.39, 0.51) | — |
| Western Europe | 205656 (182848–232562) | 36.60 (32.62–40.90) | 115 (54–213) |
0.02 (0.01–0.04) |
— | — | 315155 (255014–382285) | 36.62 (29.67–44.13) |
173 (80–327) |
0.02 (0.01–0.04) |
— | — |
0.35 (0.17, 0.53) |
0.29 (0.15, 0.44) |
— |
| Andean Latin America | 3493 (3142–3867) | 17.39 (15.66–19.30) |
2 (1–4) |
0.01 (0.00–0.02) |
— | — | 8723 (6957–10631) | 15.63 (12.53–19.11) |
5 (2–10) |
0.01 (0.00–0.02) |
— | — |
−0.21 (−0.52, 0.11) |
−0.14 (−0.39, 0.11) | — |
| Central Latin America | 24699 (20128–29561) | 29.25 (23.89–35.01) | 14 (6–26) |
0.02 (0.01–0.03) |
— | — | 68781 (55333–82361) | 29.16 (23.54–35.01) | 37 (17–72) |
0.02 (0.01–0.03) |
— | — |
0.01 (0.00, 0.01) |
−0.11 (−0.02, 0.00) |
— |
| Southern Latin America | 10458 (9027–11991) | 22.97 (19.85–26.33) |
6 (3–12) |
0.01 (0.01–0.03) |
— | — | 18645 (14878–22684) | 22.61 (18.02–27.38) |
11 (5–21) |
0.01 (0.01–0.02) |
— | — |
−0.19 (−0.30, −0.08) |
−0.18 (−0.27, −0.08) |
— |
| Non‐melanoma skin cancer (basal‐cell carcinoma) | |||||||||||||||
| Region | |||||||||||||||
| Tropical Latin America | 62198 (54790–70592) | 67.11 (59.09–76.34) | 26 (12–50) |
0.03 (0.01–0.05) |
— | — | 178574 (155353–204151) | 73.40 (63.75–83.86) |
75 (35–143) |
0.03 (0.01–0.06) |
— | — |
0.47 (0.33, 0.60) |
0.52 (0.39, 0.65) | — |
| North Africa and Middle East | 12758 (10657–15003) | 7.43 (6.23–8.67) |
8 (4–15) |
0.00 (0.00–0.00) |
— | — | 29927 (23994–36217) | 6.83 (5.50–8.26) |
19 (8–36) |
0.00 (0.00–0.01) |
— | — |
−0.02 (−0.31, 0.26) |
−0.04 (−0.28, 0.21) | — |
| North America, high income | 713279 (585827–865410) | 253.90 (208.54–308.06) |
296 (137–541) |
0.00 (0.00–0.01) |
— | — | 2848027 (2537042–3178992) | 781.22 (695.92–872.01) |
1109 (518–2068) |
0.00 (0.00–0.01) |
— | — |
4.07 (3.32, 4.82) |
3.86 (3.12, 4.60) |
— |
| Oceania |
6 (3–10) |
0.12 (0.06–0.20) |
0 (0–0) |
0.00 (0.00–0.00) |
— | — | 14 (6–23) | 0.12 (0.06–0.19) |
0 (0–0) |
0.00 (0.00–0.00) |
— | — |
−0.01 (−0.01, 0.00) |
−0.11 (−0.12, −0.11) |
— |
| Central Sub‐Saharan Africa | 1093 (826–1400) | 4.57 (3.53–5.68) |
1 (0–1) |
0.00 (0.00–0.00) |
— | — | 2635 (1981–3411) | 4.50 (3.44–5.59) |
1 (1–3) |
0.00 (0.00–0.00) |
— | — | −0.05 (−0.07, −0.03) |
−0.08 (−0.10, −0.06) |
— |
| Eastern Sub‐Saharan Africa | 3122 (2414–3962) | 3.85 (3.02–4.76) |
2 (1–3) |
0.00 (0.00–0.00) |
— | — | 6876 (5303–8777) | 3.76 (2.94–4.64) |
4 (2–7) |
0.00 (0.00–0.00) |
— | — |
−0.10 (−0.13, −0.08) |
−0.12 (−0.14, −0.09) | — |
| Southern Sub‐Saharan Africa | 4820 (3847–5885) | 16.72 (13.24–20.42) |
2 (1–5) |
0.01 (0.00–0.02) |
— | — | 11702 (9253–14384) | 19.85 (15.60–24.23) | 6 (3–11) |
0.01 (0.00–0.02) |
— | — |
0.17 (−0.43, 0.77) |
0.15 (−0.37, 0.68) | — |
| Western Sub‐Saharan Africa | 2560 (1937–3333) | 2.66 (2.03–3.33) |
1 (1–3) |
0.00 (0.00–0.00) |
— | — | 5766 (4330–7588) | 2.67 (2.04–3.35) |
3 (1–6) |
0.00 (0.00–0.00) |
— | — |
0.01 (−0.02, 0.04) |
−0.02 (−0.05, 0.02) |
— |
Data from a total of 204 countries and territories were available. Geographically, the world was classified as 21 regions, on the basis of geographical proximity, sociocultural, and epidemiological similarities. The Socio‐demographic Index (SDI) is a summary measure of development status strongly correlated with health outcomes. According to the SDI 204 countries and territories were separated into 5 regions with low, low‐middle, middle, high‐middle, and high SDI.
Abbreviations: ASDR, age‐standardized disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) rate; ASIR, age‐standardized incidence rate; ASMR, age‐standardized mortality rate; ASR, age standardized rate (per 100,000 population); CI, confidence interval; EAPC, estimated annual percentage change; SDI, socio‐demographic index; UI, uncertainty interval.