Figure 1. Cumulative Incidence of Any Arrhythmia by Coffee Consumption.

Kaplan-Meier curves for the cumulative incidence of any arrhythmia according to daily coffee intake after adjusting for basic demographic characteristics (age, sex, and ethnicity), body mass index, educational level, other comorbid conditions (hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, valvular heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral artery disease, chronic kidney disease, and cancer), smoking habits, alcohol consumption, tea consumption, and physical activity.