. 2021 Jul 19;181(9):1185–1193. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.3616

Table 2. Polygenic Score of Caffeine Metabolism and Risk of Incident Arrhythmia^a.

Arrhythmia type	Hazard ratio (95% CI)^b	P value
All arrhythmia	1.00 (0.99-1.00)	.75
Atrial fibrillation or flutter	1.00 (0.99-1.00)	.96
Supraventricular tachycardia	1.01 (0.998-1.00)	.38
Ventricular tachycardia	1.00 (0.996-1.00)	.94
Premature atrial complex	1.00 (0.99-1.02)	.76
Premature ventricular complex	1.00 (0.99-1.00)	.39

^{^a}

The polygenic score was calculated by multiplying the number of slower caffeine-metabolizing alleles by their β coefficients (effect size for plasma paraxanthine to caffeine ratio).²⁰ A higher polygenic score represents slower caffeine metabolism and was associated with lower coffee consumption. Analyses exclude all family members up to third-degree relatives and are adjusted for age, sex, top 15 principal components, and genotyping array.

^{^b}

Hazard ratios are reported for each increasing unit of polygenic score and the risk of incident arrhythmia.

Table 2. Polygenic Score of Caffeine Metabolism and Risk of Incident Arrhythmiaa.

Table 2. Polygenic Score of Caffeine Metabolism and Risk of Incident Arrhythmia^a.