Table 1.

Association between gut microbiomes and obesity

Microbiota characteristics in obesity	Preclinical or clinical	Study subjects	Ref.
Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio increased	Preclinical	Mice	Ley et al[20], Turnbaugh et al[21]
	Clinical	Childhood	Indiani et al[22]
	Clinical	Adult ukrainian population	Koliada et al[23]
The relative abundance of Christensenellaceae was inversely related to host BMI	Clinical	Human	Waters et al[26]
	Clinical	Postmenopausal women	Alemán et al[33]
	Clinical	Italian elderly	Tavella et al[36]
Increased Akkermansia population reduced body weight	Clinical	Human	Depommier et al[27]
	Preclinical	Mice	Anhê et al[34]
Lactobacillus paracasei decreased, while Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus gasseri increased	Clinical	Human	Crovesy et al[28], Million et al[31]
Bifidobacteria reduced	Preclinical	Rats	Waldram et al[30]
Methanobacteriales smithii and Bifidobacterium were associated with normal weight	Clinical	Human	Million et al[31]

BMI: Body mass index.