Table I.

Behavior Management Training (BMT) Standard and Lifestyle Enhancement for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Program (LEAP)-Sample of Sessions 1–8

BMT-standard Barkley’s defiant children		LEAP
Strategy instruction	Session	Unique strategy instruction	Unique targets
Psychoeducation: ADHD and causes of child misbehavior Teach differential attending and “special time” strategies	1	Psychoeducation: ADHD/misbehavior and connections with PA and health behaviors Teach incorporation of active play into daily “special time” Distribute and teach caregivers to use Garmins	Child and caregiver engage in active (nonsedentary) play together Child and caregiver monitor activity levels
Continue “special time” practice and planning Teach praise/reinforcement of compliance	2	Discuss PA successes. Identify and problem-solve barriers. Teach caregiver self-care strategies (e.g., own PA, sleep, self-talk, social support) Introduce caregiver Facebook group	Establish individualized goals for PA Increase caregiver PA and social support via Facebook group
Teach effective commands and limit setting (i.e., rules, when/then commands, timers)	3	Teach limit setting strategies applied to PA and rules for media use Psychoeducation: media use and ADHD	Reduce child and caregiver media use Replace sedentary activity with active play
Teach parents ways to increase compliance and independent play	4	Teach caregivers how to increase and praise independent play Provide psychoeducation about ADHD and sleep Discuss sleep hygiene and introduce a family sleep plan	Replace screen use with independent play Improve child’s sleep quantity and quality
Introduce a token economy system	5	Provide psychoeducation about ADHD and reward systems in the brain Introduce incentive systems	Increase child positive behaviors using rewards
Teach time-out and privilege removal	6	Teach time-out and privilege removal	Decrease child negative behaviors
Teach parents how to implement a daily school behavior report card to improve school behavior	7	Introduce daily report cards Teach parents to extend reward systems to a community activity or team sport	Improve parent-teacher communication Improve child positive behaviors across contexts Promote participation in PA or team sports
Review with parents all prior skills and how to handle future misbehavior	8	Review skills learned in LEAP Plan for sustaining physical activity changes	Promote parent utilization of skills learned in LEAP