. 2020 Oct 21;11(1):1159–1169. doi: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1834740

Table 3.

Amino acid (AA) contents of seven Chinese herbs (AA/DM ×%)

	E.s.	G.u.	C.k.	A.m.	T.v.	A.me.	L.b.	Alfalfa
Asp	1.23 ± 0.06^DEa	1.00 ± 0.01 ^Eb	2.22 ± 0.00 ^C	3.28 ± 0.22^B	0.83 ± 0.02^Fb	1.36 ± 0.03^a	1.41 ± 0.08 ^Da	4.47 ± 0.06^A
Thr	0.57 ± 0.02 ^c	0.62 ± 0.01^bc	0.86 ± 0.00^B	1.32 ± 0.08^a	0.43 ± 0.01^D	0.78 ± 0.00^B	0.65 ± 0.03 ^Cb	1.34 ± 0.01^Aa
Ser	0.67 ± 0.06^de	0.68 ± 0.02^de	0.99 ± 0.01^Bb	1.40 ± 0.13^Aa	0.51 ± 0.00^Ee	0.87 ± 0.01^BCc	0.74 ± 0.02 ^CDd	1.24 ± 0.01^Ab
Glu	1.66 ± 0.11^ab	1.49 ± 0.06 ^CDbc	1.88 ± 0.05^Ca	5.59 ± 0.35^A	1.17 ± 0.04^Dc	1.76 ± 0.00^Cab	1.46 ± 0.05^bc	2.77 ± 0.04^B
Gly	0.50 ± 0.01^DEc	0.48 ± 0.01 ^cd	0.68 ± 0.01^a	1.00 ± 0.06^B	0.43 ± 0.01^Ed	0.72 ± 0.01 ^Ca	0.59 ± 0.04 ^Db	1.38 ± 0.01^A
Ala	0.72 ± 0.03 ^c	0.75 ± 0.01 ^c	0.85 ± 0.01^BCb	1.88 ± 0.11^a	0.52 ± 0.01^D	0.92 ± 0.01^Bb	0.73 ± 0.0 ^c	1.95 ± 0.04^Aa
Val	0.84 ± 0.09^bc	0.63 ± 0.04 ^c	0.99 ± 0.04^B	1.72 ± 0.25^Aa	0.66 ± 0.03^BCc	0.81 ± 0.00^bc	0.79 ± 0.01^bc	1.53 ± 0.02^a
Met	0.36 ± 0.05^b	0.24 ± 0.0 ^b	0.29 ± 0.08^b	1.31 ± 1.02^a	0.30 ± 0.02^b	0.25 ± 0.01^b	0.24 ± 0.01^b	0.31 ± 0.00^b
Ile	0.32 ± 0.03 ^cd	0.31 ± 0.00 ^cd	0.47 ± 0.03^bc	0.82 ± 0.20^a	0.25 ± 0.01^d	0.51 ± 0.01^Bb	0.39 ± 0.02^bcd	0.92 ± 0.01^Aa
Leu	0.51 ± 0.03 ^d	0.69 ± 0.04 ^cd	0.88 ± 0.14 ^cd	1.44 ±.50 ^Ba	0.43 ± 0.03 ^Dd	1.13 ± 0.01 ^BCbc	0.80 ± 0.06 ^cd	1.86 ± 0.02 ^ABab
Tyr	0.47 ± 0.02^ab	0.39 ± 0.01^b	0.54 ± 0.07^ab	1.40 ± 1.12^a	0.35 ± 0.01^b	0.42 ± 0.01^ab	0.42 ± 0.00^ab	0.86 ± 0.02^ab
Phe	0.48 ± 0.10 ^Ccd	0.55 ± 0.01^BCcd	0.76 ± 0.02^BCab	0.94 ± 0.31 ^Ba	0.41 ± 0.00 ^Cd	0.73 ± 0.01^BCab	0.62 ± 0.04^BCcd	1.37 ± 0.01^A
Lys	0.71 ± 0.03^d	0.73 ± 0.02^Ed	1.05 ± 0.02 ^Ca	1.50 ± 0.07^B	0.50 ± 0.01 ^F	0.95 ± 0.00^b	0.83 ± 0.03^Dc	1.73 ± 0.02^A
His	0.40 ± 0.01 ^cd	0.28 ± 0.00^Cef	0.46 ± 0.04^Bc	0.61 ± 0.11^b	0.26 ± 0.01 ^Cf	0.32 ± 0.00^Bdef	0.37 ± 0.01 ^Ccde	0.70 ± 0.01^Aa
Arg	0.40 ± 0.02^Eb	0.29 ± 0.01 ^F	0.85 ± 0.03^C	1.05 ± 0.01^B	0.37 ± 0.01^b	0.60 ± 0.01 ^Da	0.58 ± 0.05^a	1.53 ± 0.02^A
Pro	0.77 ± 0.06^CDc	0.50 ± 0.05^de	1.09 ± 0.18^BCb	1.42 ± 0.15 ^Ba	0.34 ± 0.04^Ee	0.69 ± 0.01^Dcd	1.09 ± 0.09^BCb	2.03 ± 0.03^A
Trp	0.04 ± 0.04 ^Ba	0.03 ± 0.01^a	0.03 ± 0.01^a	0.02 ± 0.01^a	0.02 ± 0.01^a	0.02 ± 0.01^a	0.02 ± 0.01^a	0.32 ± 0.07^A
Total AA (TAA)	10.56 ± 0.61^DEd	9.58 ± 0.16^Ee	14.85 ± 0.25^B	26.63 ± 0.31^Aa	7.72 ± 0.16 ^F	12.78 ± 0.08 ^Cb	11.66 ± 0.50^CDc	25.94 ± 0.35^a
CP	14.14 ± 0.50^ab	18.81 ± 0.08^D	21.93 ± 0.29 ^C	33.31 ± 0.09^B	9.00 ± 0.03 ^F	13.48 ± 0.17^Eb	14.33 ± 0.08^Ea	35.24 ± 0.19^A
TAA/CP	74.69 ± 4.28^CDEc	50.92 ± 0.85 ^F	67.70 ± 1.12^Ed	79.95 ± 0.95^BDb	85.79 ± 1.78 ^Ba	94.79 ± 0.57^A	81.42 ± 3.50^Cab	73.61 ± 1.00^DEc
EAA (Essential AA)	4.24 ± 0.37 ^cd	4.14 ± 0.02 ^Cd	5.83 ± 0.01^Bb	10.43 ± 0.49^Aa	3.31 ± 0.01^D	5.55 ± 0.01^b	4.73 ± 0.16^Cc	9.90 ± 0.13^a
EAA/TAA	40.05 ± 1.24^b	43.15 ± 0.48^a	39.28 ± 0.55^b	39.20 ± 2.31^Bb	42.90 ± 0.70^a	43.42 ± 0.32^Aa	40.52 ± 0.33^b	38.14 ± 0.03^b
LAA (Limiting AA)	0.86 ± 0.08^bc	0.92 ± 0.02^bc	1.17 ± 0.06^bc	2.75 ± 1.51^Aa	0.74 ± 0.01^Bc	1.37 ± 0.00^bc	1.04 ± 0.04^bc	2.17 ± 0.02^ABab
LAA/TAA	8.14 ± 0.31^a	9.57 ± 0.08^a	7.87 ± 0.27^a	10.35 ± 0.80^a	9.46 ± 0.10^a	10.72 ± 0.06^a	8.92 ± 0.00^a	8.35 ± 0.02^a
Flavor AA	5.94 ± 0.50^DEb	5.16 ± 0.06^EFc	8.05 ± 0.08 ^C	15.65 ± 0.47^A	4.37 ± 0.03^Fd	6.59 ± 0.03 ^Da	6.00 ± 0.21^DEab	13.29 ± 0.18^B
Flavor AA/TAA	56.18 ± 1.52^ab	53.89 ± 0.34^BCbc	54.22 ± 1.45^bc	58.77 ± 2.50^Aa	56.63 ± 0.78^ABab	51.56 ± 0.07^Cc	51.40 ± 0.48 ^c	51.23 ± 0.01 ^c

E.s. = Ephedra sinica, G.u. = Glycyrrhiza uralensis, C.k. = Caragana korshinskii, A.m. = Allium mongolicum, T.v. = Thymus vulgaris, A.me. = Astragalus membranaceus, L.b. = Lespedeza bicolor, CP = crude protein, AA = amino acid. The same superscript lowercase letters indicate P > 0.05; the different superscript lowercase letters indicate 0.01 < P < 0.05; the different superscript uppercase letters indicate P < 0.01.