Table 1.
Characteristics of the studies included in the meta-analysis.
| Mild disease or survivor | Severe disease or non-survivor | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
First Author, Country [Ref] |
Study design | Endpoint | NOS (stars) | n | Age (Years) | Gender (M/F) | INR (Mean ± SD) | n | Age (Years) | Gender (M/F) | INR (Mean ± SD) |
| Aladağ N et al., Turkey [18] |
R | Survival | 7 | 35 | 68 | 22/13 | 1.17 ± 0.22 | 15 | 68 | 6/9 | 1.14 ± 0.24 |
| Altschul DJ et al., USA [19] |
R | Survival | 7 | 1733 | 63 | 771/962 | 1.10 ± 0.15 | 621 | 73 | 327/294 | 1.15 ± 0.15 |
| Bao C et al., China [20] |
P | Disease severity | 5 | 129 | NR | NR | 1.07 ± 0.09 | 49 | NR | NR | 1.23 ± 0.17 |
| Bastug A et al., Turkey [21] |
R | ICU transfer | 7 | 145 | 43 | 81/64 | 1.15 ± 0.39 | 46 | 71 | 26/20 | 1.17 ± 0.41 |
| Bocci MG et al., Italy [22] |
P | Survival | 5 | 23 | 57 | 17/6 | 1.07 ± 0.11 | 17 | 77 | 12/5 | 1.12 ± 0.13 |
| Bonetti G et al., Italy [23] |
R | Survival | 7 | 74 | 62 | 51/23 | 1.05 ± 0.07 | 70 | 78 | 45/25 | 1.14 ± 0.19 |
| Carlino MV et al., Italy [24] |
NR | ICU transfer | 5 | 18 | 47 | 8/10 | 1.07 ± 0.05 | 10 | 73 | 8/2 | 1.12 ± 0.25 |
| Cheng B et al., China [25] |
R | Disease progression | 7 | 205 | 49 | 71/134 | 0.98 ± 0.09 | 251 | 60 | 140/111 | 1.00 ± 0.09 |
| Cheng L et al., China [26] |
R | Survival | 6 | 53 | 54 | 29/24 | 1.08 ± 0.15 | 36 | 69 | 20/16 | 1.12 ± 0.21 |
| Dong Y et al., China [27] |
R | Disease severity | 7 | 94 | 40 | 34/60 | 1.01 ± 0.07 | 53 | 60 | 29/24 | 1.03 ± 0.08 |
| Gong J et al., China [28] |
R | Disease severity | 5 | 161 | 45 | 89/72 | 1.03 ± 0.07 | 28 | 64 | 12/16 | 1.07 ± 0.07 |
| Gue YX et al., UK [29] |
R | Disease severity | 5 | 171 | 67 | 84/87 | 1.03 ± 0.07 | 145 | 81 | 104/41 | 1.10 ± 0.15 |
| Hou W et al., China [30] |
R | Disease progression | 7 | 84 | 47 | 34/50 | 1.13 ± 0.07 | 17 | 72 | 10/7 | 1.10 ± 0.15 |
| Jin X et al., China [31] |
R | Disease severity | 7 | 105 | NR | NR | 0.96 ± 0.10 | 42 | NR | NR | 1.21 ± 0.24 |
| Kayina CA et al., India [32] |
P | Disease severity | 6 | 215 | 50 | 146/69 | 1.17 ± 0.17 | 20 | 51 | 14/6 | 1.44 ± 0.32 |
| Ke C et al., China [33] |
R | Survival | 7 | 148 | 60 | 83/65 | 1.72 ± 0.72 | 46 | 70 | 32/14 | 1.39 ± 0.70 |
| Kong M et al., China [34] |
R | Disease severity | 7 | 123 | 53 | 59/64 | 1.00 ± 0.15 | 87 | 68 | 45/42 | 1.00 ± 0.15 |
| Lei P et al., China [35] |
R | Disease severity | 5 | 50 | 65 | 22/28 | 1.04 ± 0.07 | 65 | 69 | 36/29 | 1.07 ± 0.11 |
| Linli Z et al., China [36] |
R | Survival | 7 | 142 | 56 | 90/52 | 1.08 ± 0.12 | 50 | 68 | 34/16 | 1.19 ± 0.13 |
| Liu J et al., China [37] |
R | Disease severity | 5 | 27 | 43 | 8/19 | 1.00 ± 0.10 | 13 | 60 | 7/6 | 1.00 ± 0.10 |
| Lorente L et al., Spain [38] |
R | Disease severity | 7 | 118 | 64 | 53/65 | 1.19 ± 0.18 | 25 | 71 | 7/18 | 1.27 ± 0.19 |
| Luo HC et al., China [39] |
R | Survival | 6 | 73 | 62 | 39/34 | 1.03 ± 0.07 | 12 | 67 | 9/3 | 1.15 ± 0.08 |
| Mertoglu C et al., Turkey [40] |
R | ICU transfer | 7 | 532 | 48 | 306/226 | 1.13 ± 0.10 | 23 | 59 | 13/10 | 1.19 ± 0.19 |
| Mori S et al., Japan [41] |
R | Disease severity | 5 | 23 | 69 | 13/10 | 1.08 ± 0.11 | 22 | 58 | 21/1 | 1.22 ± 0.20 |
| Ponziani FR et al., Italy [42] |
R | ICU transfer | 7 | 438 | 63 | 263/175 | 1.04 ± 0.07 | 77 | 70 | 60/17 | 1.06 ± 0.04 |
| Pourabdollah Toutkaboni et al., Iran [43] |
R | Survival | 5 | 456 | 55 | 282/174 | 1.19 ± 0.18 | 89 | 64 | 68/21 | 1.24 ± 0.15 |
| Sadeghi A et al., China [44] |
R | ICU transfer | 7 | 159 | 57 | 66/93 | 1.28 ± 0.51 | 55 | 62 | 30/25 | 1.60 ± 0.95 |
| Sayad B et al., Iran [45] |
NR | Survival | 5 | 35 | 64 | 21/14 | 1.40 ± 0.47 | 39 | 67 | 23/16 | 1.50 ± 0.72 |
| Shahriarirad R et al., Iran [46] |
R | Disease severity | 6 | 102 | NR | 64/38 | 1.28 ± 0.15 | 11 | NR | 7/4 | 1.85 ± 0.49 |
| Sun JT et al., China [47] |
P | Disease severity | 7 | 49 | 50 | 26/23 | 0.97 ± 0.06 | 50 | 71 | 34/16 | 1.07 ± 0.15 |
| Tsibouris P et al., Greece [48] |
R | Survival | 7 | 45 | NR | NR | 1.15 ± 0.10 | 16 | NR | NR | 1.31 ± 0.29 |
| Wang C et al., China [49] |
R | Disease severity | 6 | 35 | 38 | 17/18 | 1.16 ± 0.15 | 10 | 43 | 6/4 | 1.24 ± 0.32 |
| Wang JH et al., China [50] |
R | Survival | 7 | 1074 | 61 | 502/572 | 1.04 ± 0.08 | 61 | 74 | 43/18 | 1.22 ± 0.15 |
| Xue G et al., China [51] |
NR | Disease severity | 7 | 56 | 61 | 30/26 | 0.98 ± 0.07 | 58 | 64 | 34/24 | 1.01 ± 0.12 |
| Zhang Yaf et al., China [52] |
R | Disease severity | 7 | 84 | 44 | 29/55 | 1.15 ± 0.09 | 31 | 65 | 20/11 | 1.21 ± 0.13 |
| Zhang Yan et al., China [53] |
R | Disease progression | 6 | 54 | 65 | 28/26 | 1.01 ± 0.07 | 17 | 68 | 10/7 | 1.09 ± 0.07 |
| Zhou C et al., China [54] |
R | Disease severity | 7 | 95 | 35 | 38/57 | 0.98 ± 0.07 | 28 | 40 | 17/11 | 0.99 ± 0.07 |
| Zou Y et al., China [55] |
R | Disease severity | 5 | 277 | 50 | 138/139 | 1.01 ± 0.06 | 26 | 65 | 20/6 | 1.06 ± 0.10 |
Abbreviations: ICU, intensive care unit; NOS, Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale for case-control studies; NR, not reported; P, prospective; R, retrospective.