Table 3:
Mortality and neurodevelopmental outcomes
| LOS | LOCNC | Unaffected | Adjusted RR (95% CI) p-value1 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOS vs. LOCNC | LOS vs. Unaffected | LOCNC vs. Unaffected | ||||
| Infants, n | 786 | 1601 | 1553 | |||
| Death/NDI, n (%) | 394 (50.1) | 662 (41.3) | 513 (33.0) | 1.14 (1.05–1.25) | 1.29 (1.17–1.42) | 1.13 (1.03–1.23) |
| 0.003 | <0.001 | 0.008 | ||||
| Death before follow-up, n (%) | 207 (26.3) | 206 (12.9) | 166 (10.7) | 1.71 (1.44–2.03) | 1.79 (1.48–2.16) | 1.04 (0.87–1.26) |
| <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.64 | ||||
| Survived and evaluated at 18–26 months follow-up, n | 579 | 1,395 | 1,387 | |||
| NDI, n (%) | 187 (32.3) | 456 (32.7) | 347 (25.0) | 0.99 (0.86–1.13) | 1.15 (0.99–1.34) | 1.17 (1.04–1.31) |
| 0.86 | 0.07 | 0.01 | ||||
| Components of NDI, n (%) | ||||||
| Bayley 3 cognitive composite score <85 | 173 (29.9) | 422 (30.4) | 327 (23.7) | 0.98 (0.85–1.13) | 1.12 (0.96–1.31) | 1.15 (1.01–1.30) |
| 0.80 | 0.14 | 0.03 | ||||
| GMFCS level ≥ 2 | 35 (6.1) | 130 (9.3) | 54 (3.9) | 0.61 (0.42–0.88) | 1.16 (0.77–1.76) | 1.91 (1.40–2.60) |
| 0.008 | 0.48 | <0.001 | ||||
| Bilateral blindness 2 | 7 (1.2) | 19 (1.4) | 7 (0.5) | 0.89 (0.37–2.10) | 2.40 (0.84–6.80) | 2.70 (1.14–6.41) |
| 1.0 | 0.14 | 0.03 | ||||
| Hearing impairment 2 | 16 (2.8) | 34 (2.4) | 21 (1.5) | 1.13 (0.63–2.04) | 1.83 (0.96–3.47) | 1.61 (0.94–2.76) |
| 0.64 | 0.07 | 0.10 | ||||
| Blindness or hearing impairment 3 | 23 (4.0) | 51 (3.7) | 26 (1.9) | 1.01 (0.62–1.66) | 1.83 (1.03–3.25) | 1.81 (1.12–2.92) |
| 0.96 | 0.04 | 0.01 | ||||
LOS, late-onset sepsis. LOCNC, late-onset blood culture-negative condition. NDI, neurodevelopmental impairment.
Relative risks (RR) and confidence intervals (CI) with adjustment for pre-exposure covariates. Pre-exposure covariates included study center, maternal education (< high school degree, high school degree, > high school degree, unknown/missing), maternal medical insurance (private, public/self-pay/other), maternal race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic black, non-Hispanic white, Hispanic, other), antepartum hemorrhage, antenatal antibiotics, antenatal steroids, GA (22, 23, 24, 25, 26), BW (continuous), male sex, endotracheal intubation, highest respiratory support at 24 hours (HFV, CV, NSIMV, CPAP, other/no support), enteral feeds started in the first 3 days, infant temperature within 60 minutes of birth (≥96.5, <96.5, unknown/missing), prolonged early antibiotics (antibiotics for 5 or more days started within 72 hours of birth), and severe IVH diagnosed within 7 days of birth. Statistical significance was determined by the Wald chi-square test.
Unadjusted relative risks are reported for blindness and for hearing impairment due to small numbers.
Due to small numbers, study center was not included in the model assessing this combined outcome and GA 22 and 23 weeks were combined.