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. 2021 Jul 20;11:14597. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-93741-4

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© The Author(s) 2021, corrected publication 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Measures of damages and detrimental impact of road traffic (Supplementary Tables 1 and 8). (a) %F is the percentage of road accident fatalities out of the total death rate from accidents of any kind. The ALoM, represents the active level of PC motorization, relates to nonstop (24/7) PCs per 1000 inhabitants. Data points and the list of 19 countries are marked in black for developing countries and green for developed countries. The number in parentheses for each country is the level of PC motorization per 1000 inhabitants, LoM. (b) %LT is the percent of lost time in traffic congestion out of total commuting time. (c) %PM2.5 is the percent of this type of air pollution from road traffic, from the total %PM2.5 produced. (d) %P is the average percentage of time PCs spend parked.