Table 4.
Range of motion.
| Joint | Data included for analysisa | Preintervention (in degrees), median (95% CI) | Postintervention (in degrees), median (95% CI) | P value |
| Shoulder abduction | 12 | 143 (16 to 159) | 151.5 (25 to 163) | .08b |
| Shoulder flexion | 6 | 34.5 (0 to 152) | 57.5 (0 to 153) | .07 |
| Shoulder extension | 3 | 66 (66 to 75) | 60 (50 to 66) | .11 |
| Elbow flexion | 14 | 146.5 (86 to 164) | 144.5 (92 to 158) | .67 |
| Elbow extension | 11 | −9 (−82 to 0)c | −4 (−95 to 9)c | .35 |
| Forearm pronation | 9 | 82 (65 to 91) | 95 (78 to 102) | .12 |
| Forearm supination | 9 | 71 (44 to 86) | 66 (49 to 84) | .48 |
| Wrist flexion | 8 | 86.5 (29 to 97) | 78 (11 to 94) | .11 |
| Wrist extension | 8 | 20.5 (−20 to 50) | 30 (−7 to 57) | .05 |
| Hip flexion | 12 | 109.5 (95 to 127) | 108.5 (94 to 130) | .92 |
| Hip extension | 8 | 1.5 (−50 to 30) | −1.5 (−45 to 16)c | .25 |
| Hip internal rotation | 3 | 1 (1 to 27) | 12 (10 to 27) | .18 |
| Hip external rotation | 4 | 30 (4 to 55) | 33 (11 to 48) | .72 |
| Knee flexion | 12 | 105.5 (50 to 130) | 115 (93 to 138) | .61 |
| Knee extension | 14 | −18 (−63 to −7)c | −14.5 (−62 to −4)c | .04 |
| Ankle dorsiflexion | 12 | −21 (−28 to 5)c | −20.5 (−29 to −2)c | .72 |
| Ankle plantarflexion | 12 | 32 (23 to 40) | 29.5 (21 to 41) | .53 |
aNumber of data included for analysis, with a possible maximum of 14 (7 participants×2 sides).
bItalicized values indicate a significance level of P<.10.
cNegative values represent a lack of range of motion. For example, a negative knee extension signifies an inability to achieve full extension. Range of motion was measured to whole degrees; 0.5° resulted from median calculations of even numbers.