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. 2021 Jun 25;6(3):63. doi: 10.3390/geriatrics6030063

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Conceptual framework for the definition of cognitive status in MHAS. Note: Framework showing how normal or pathological brain changes during aging are influenced by different factors (e.g., contextual, life-course, current conditions, genetic, brain reserve) and result in cognitive and functional symptoms (normal or impaired) which define cognitive status classification (CIND, dementia or normal cognition). Following this framework, data from MHAS is used to operationalize each category. Abbreviations: MHAS, Mexican Health and Aging Study; CIND, cognitive impairment no dementia; IADL, instrumental activities of daily living; IQCODE, Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly.