Table 1.

Characteristics of included case reports.

	Author, Year, Country of Origin	Title	Journal	Age	Gestation Week	Diagnosis	Risk of Bias *
1	Fayek SS et al. [11] 1994, Saudi Arabia	Awake fibre optic intubation in a 38-week pregnant patient with submandibular abscess.	Int J. Obstet Anesth.	32	38 weeks	submandibular abscess	G
2	Martin F. et al. [12] 2004, France	Do we have to monitor foetal heart rate during general anesthesia?	Ann Fr Anesth Rian	29	36 weeks	submandibular abscess	F
3	Abramowicz et al. [13] 2006, USA	Severe life-threatening maxillofacial infection in pregnancy presented as Ludwig’s angina.	Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol.	24	29 weeks	Ludwig’s angina	G
4	Niederhauser A. et al. [14] 2006, USA	Ludwig’s angina in pregnancy.	J. Matern Fetal Neonatal Med.	24	twin gestation at 22 weeks	bilateral Ludwig’s angina	G
5	Soltero R. et al. [15] 2009, Puerto Rico	Successful conservative management of Ludwig’s angina in advanced pregnancy.	Bol Asoc Med P R.	20	32 weeks	Ludwig’s angina	F
6	Rana AS. et al. [16] 2009, India	A rare case of simultaneous surgery of an odontogenic space infection and delivery by caesarean section in a pregnant patient.	J. Maxillofac Oral Surg.	34	full term pregnant	DNI	G
7	Rajeev S. et al. [17] 2008, India	Anaesthetic management of Ludwig’s angina in pregnancy.	Int J. Obstet Anesth	26	32 weeks	Ludwig’s angina	G
8	Moorhead K. et al. [18] 2010, USA	Pregnancy Complicated by Ludwig’s Angina Requiring Delivery.	Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol.	24	33 weeks	Ludwig’s Angina + septis and ARDS	G
9	Hobson DT. et al. [19] 2011, USA	Pregnancy complicated by recurrent brain abscess after extraction of an infected tooth.	Obstet Gynecol.	35	22 weeks	acute meningoencephalitis and left pterygoids muscles abscess and brain abscess	G
10	Çelebi N. et al. [20] 2013, Turkey	Acute fetal distress following tooth extraction and abscess drainage in a pregnant patient with maxillofacial infection.	Aust Dent J.	28	36 weeks	submandibular abscess	G
11	Mukherjee S. et al. [21] 2013, India	Poor Dental Hygiene in Pregnancy Leading to Submandibular Cellulitis and Intrauterine Fetal Demise: Case Report and Literature Review.	Int J. Prev Med	38	34 weeks	bilateral submandibular cellulitis and necrosis	F
12	Dalla Torre D. et al. [7] 2014, Austria	Odontogenic deep neck space infection as life-threatening condition in pregnancy.	Aust Dent J.	25	28 weeks	DNI mediastinitis and sepsis	F
13	Kamath AT. et al. [22] 2015, India	Ludwig’s Angina in Pregnancy Necessitating Pre Mature Delivery.	J. Maxillofac Oral Surg.	24	32 weeks	Ludwig’s angina DNI mediastinitis and sepsis	F
14	Tocaciu S. et al. [23] 2017, Australia	Severe odontogenic infection in pregnancy: a timely reminder.	Aust Dent J.	29	17 weeks	odontogenic infection + DNI	F
15	Pereira RDS. et al. [24] 2017, Brazil	Dental Infection and Pregnancy: The Lack of Treatment by the Dental Professional Evolving to a Complex Maxillofacial Infection.	J. Craniofac Surg.	30	32 weeks	odontogenic infection + DNI	G
16	Rahman T. et al. [25] 2019, India	Decompression of Ludwig’s angina in a pregnant patient under bilateral superficial cervical plexus block.	J. Perioper Pract	25	28 weeks	Ludwing’s Angina	G

DNI: deep neck infection. * JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist to assess their risk of bias. Quality Rating: poor 0–2; fair 3–5; good 6–8 [11].