Table 1.
Characteristics, functional outcome, and mortality of patients prior and after ischemic stroke with and without dementia in years 2007–2009 and 2016-2017
| 2007–2009 | 2016-2017 | |||||
| Strokes events in dementia | Stroke events in non-dementia | p | Strokes events in dementia | Stroke events in non-dementia | p | |
| (n = 2,260) | (n = 12,778) | (n = 2,544) | (n = 10,805) | |||
| Age, median (IQR) | 83 (9) | 83 (9) | 0.538 | 84 (10) | 84 (10) | < 0.001 |
| Female sex | 1,273 (56.3) | 7,277 (56.9) | 0.582 | 1,459 (57.4) | 5,981 (55.4) | 0.068 |
| Nursing home | 838 (37.1) | 1,288 (9.6) | < 0.001 | 1,078 (42.4) | 845 (7.8) | < 0.001 |
| Independence in daily activities | 987 (45.5) | 10,406 (82.9) | < 0.001 | 864 (38.1) | 8,547 (82.3) | < 0.001 |
| mRS before stroke | ||||||
| 0–3 | 1,143 (53.1) | 10,926 (87.4) | < 0.001 | 1,208 (49.9) | 9,179 (87.0) | < 0.001 |
| 4 | 679 (31.5) | 1,152 (9.2) | < 0.001 | 851 (35.2) | 1,073 (10.2) | < 0.001 |
| 5 | 331 (15.4) | 425 (3.4) | < 0.001 | 362 (15.0) | 296 (2.8) | < 0.001 |
| CCI at stroke, median (IQR) | 2 (2) | 1 (2) | < 0.001 | 3 (3) | 2 (3) | < 0.001 |
| AF (old or new) | 821 (36.9) | 4,814 (38.1) | 0.250 | 988 (39.0) | 4,016 (37.2) | 0.106 |
| Previous stroke or TIA | 956 (42.9) | 4,298 (33.9) | < 0.001 | 962 (37.9) | 3,036 (28.2) | < 0.001 |
| Previous stroke | 846 (37.4) | 3,700 (29.0) | < 0.001 | 835 (32.8) | 2,388 (22.1) | < 0.001 |
| Previous TIA | 245 (11.5) | 1,212 (9.9) | 0.027 | 294 (11.6) | 1,122 (10.4) | 0.078 |
| Diabetes (old or new) | 498 (22.2) | 2,575 (20.3) | 0.038 | 658 (25.9) | 2,320 (21.5) | < 0.001 |
| Smoking | 113 (5.8) | 963 (8.6) | < 0.001 | 125 (6.0) | 739 (8.0) | 0.002 |
| Antihypertensives | 1,543 (69.5) | 9,430 (74.8) | < 0.001 | 1,799 (71.0) | 8,036 (74.6) | < 0.001 |
| Statins | 473 (21.3) | 3,068 (24.4) | 0.002 | 677 (26.7) | 3,431 (31.9) | < 0.001 |
| Antiplatelets | 1,361 (61.3) | 6,675 (52.9) | < 0.001 | 1,043 (41.1) | 3,960 (36.8) | < 0.001 |
| In AF | 574 (70.8) | ,2775 (58.4) | < 0.001 | 309 (31.3) | 1,061 (26.5) | 0.002 |
| In nonAF | 768 (55.6) | 3,826 (49.5) | < 0.001 | 731 (47.3) | 2,893 (42.8) | 0.001 |
| Anticoagulants in AF | 73 (9.0) | 847 (17.8) | < 0.001 | 313 (31.7) | 1,610 (40.1) | < 0.001 |
| Consciousness at arrival | ||||||
| Fully awake | 1,568 (70.4) | 10,210 (80.7) | < 0.001 | 1,864 (75.0) | 9,171 (86.0) | < 0.001 |
| Lethargic | 495 (22.2) | 1,763 (13.9) | 481 (19.4) | 1142 (10.7) | ||
| Unconscious | 164 (7.4) | 678 (5.4) | 139 (5.6) | 346 (3.2) | ||
| Stroke alarm | 179 (8.1) | 1,276 (10.2) | 0.002 | 869 (34.4) | 3,461 (32.4) | 0.057 |
| IVT | 34 (1.5) | 409 (3.2) | < 0.001 | 283 (11.1) | 1,323 (12.3) | 0.117 |
| IVT or EVT | 34 (1.5) | 418 (3.3) | < 0.001 | 299 (11.8) | 1,479 (13.7) | 0.010 |
| New nursing home placement | 352 (18.0) | 1,389 (11.9) | < 0.001 | 277 (13.6) | 808 (8.6) | < 0.001 |
| Dead after 1 month | 534 (23.6) | 2,108 (16.5) | < 0.001 | 658 (25.9) | 1,568 (14.5) | < 0.001 |
| mRS at 3 months | ||||||
| 0–3 | 420 (21.2) | 5,783 (50.2) | < 0.001 | 350 (16.9) | 5,063 (55.3) | < 0.001 |
| 4 | 382 (16.9) | 1,383 (10.8) | < 0.001 | 397 (15.6) | 1,087 (10.1) | < 0.001 |
| 5 | 408 (18.1) | 1257 (9.8) | < 0.001 | 363 (14.3) | 739 (6.8) | < 0.001 |
| (dead) 6 | 772 (39.0) | 3,105 (26.9) | < 0.001 | 958 (46.3) | 2,260 (24.7) | < 0.001 |
| Worse mRS at 3 months | 1,336 (70.7) | 6,530 (57.9) | < 0.001 | 1,409 (71.7) | 3,680 (41.3) | < 0.001 |
| Dead after 1 year | 1,048 (46.4) | 4,319 (33.8) | < 0.001 | 1,246 (49.0) | 3,040 (28.1) | < 0.001 |
| Dead after 3 years | 1,563 (69.2) | 6,591 (51.6) | < 0.001 | / | / | / |
Data are presented as number of cases (n) and percentage proportion (%) or median and interquartile range (IQR). In variables where n (%) are reported, p-values were obtained by chi-square, whereas in variables where median (IQR) are reported, p-values were obtained by Mann-Whitney test. AF, atrial fibrillation; CCI, Charlson comorbidity index; IQR, interquartile range; IVT, intravenous thrombolysis; EVT, endovascular thrombectomy; mRS, modified Rankin scale; TIA, transient ischemic attack.