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ROS inducing a loss of a nucleotide base (AP site) in dsDNA followed by ring opening, which generates an aldehyde group that is available for conjugation to an aldehyde reactive probe (ARP). ARP reacts with an active aldehyde group in the ring-opened form of the AP site. The biotin group in the ARP (bARP) has a strong affinity toward streptavidin, which allows for the generation of fluorescence at each AP site due to streptavidin being labeled with Alexa Fluor 647.33
