Table 4.
Differences in Providing Informational and Emotional Support Between Newly Diagnosed Patients and Survivors.
| Newly diagnosed patients (n = 236) | Survivors (n = 56) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) | M (SD) | t (df) | |
| Emotional support | 0.40 (0.55) | 1.31 (1.06) | 6.23*** (62.15)a |
| Empathy/sympathy | 0.02 (0.04) | 0.12 (.20) | 3.63*** (56.23)a |
| Encouragement/reassurance | 0.16 (0.27) | 0.52 (0.49) | 5.25*** (63.35)a |
| Care/physical affection | 0.19 (0.32) | 0.54 (0.56) | 4.48*** (63.86)a |
| Universality/relationship | 0.02 (0.06) | 0.13 (0.22) | 3.74*** (56.73)a |
| Informational expression | 1.42 (1.91) | 2.19 (2.40) | 2.57** (290) |
| Secondary treatment | 0.60 (0.87) | 0.89 (1.20) | 2.06* (290) |
| Side effects | 0.19 (0.35) | 0.44 (0.54) | 3.32*** (66.61)a |
| Surgical information | 0.24 (0.46) | 0.27 (0.36) | 0.44 (290) |
| Diagnostic/symptoms | 0.16 (0.33) | 0.33 (0.58) | 2.10*** (63.54)a |
| Psychosocial | 0.10 (0.26) | 0.08 (0.13) | 0.60 (290) |
| Breast cancer | 0.07 (0.16) | 0.10 (0.21) | 1.15 (290) |
| Health system navigation | 0.03 (0.11) | 0.04 (0.15) | 0.76 (290) |
| Other information | 0.05 (0.11) | 0.06 (0.10) | 0.71 (290) |
a
Equal variances are not assumed because Levene’s test for equality of variances was statistically significant.
*
p < .05.
**
p < .01.
***
p < .001 (all p values are one-tailed).