Table 2. – Results adjusted for the association of cardiometabolic risk factors with the carotid intima-media thickness, presence of carotid plaque and C-reactive protein levels among adults and older adults in the EpiFloripa Cohort Study (2014/15) and EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study (2013/2014) (n= 1,301).
| % | IMT (mm) | Carotid plaque | lnCRP | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| β (SE)‡ | OR (SE) | EXPβ (SE)§ | ||
| Individual risk factors* | ||||
| Central obesity (% yes) | 56.8 | 0.6 (0.8) | 0.69 (0.14) | 1.86 (0.15)¶ |
| Elevated blood pressure (% yes) | 71.5 | 2.4 (0.7)¶ | 2.12 (0.51)¶ | 1.09 (0.12) |
| Dyslipidemia (% yes) | 17.7 | 1.9 (1.1) | 1.67 (0.43)¶ | 1.12 (0.11) |
| Hyperglycemia (% yes) | 22.4 | 2.9 (0.9)¶ | 1.21 (0.24) | 1.22 (0.10)¶ |
| Number of positive risk factors† | ||||
| None// | 21.8 | 59.1±8.8# | 27.7%# | 0.88±1.5# |
| 1 | 27.6 | 1.6 (0.8) | 1.02 (0.35) | 1.37 (0.20) |
| 2 | 27.1 | 3.0 (1.0) | 1.53 (0.64) | 2.07 (0.28) |
| 3 | 17.4 | 5.5 (1.1) | 1.88 (0.78) | 2.76 (0.41) |
| 4 | 6.1 | 7.5 (2.3) | 2.01 (0.96) | 2.17 (0.33) |
IMT: carotid intima-media thickness; lnCRP: natural logarithm of C-reactive protein; SE: standard error; mm: millimetres. * – Results adjusted for sex, age, family income, educational level, smoking, nutritional variables (intake of saturated fat, sugar, alcohol, fibre, and sodium), physical activity level, and mutual adjustment between individual risk factors. † Results adjusted for sex, age, family income, educational level, smoking, nutritional variables (intake of saturated fat, sugar, alcohol, fibre, and sodium), and physical activity level ‡ – Results presented as power (10-2). § – Results interpreted as increment percentage of geometric mean. // – Mean ± SD or prevalence in the reference category (“none”). ¶– p-value <0.05 in comparison with the reference category. # - p-value for trend <0.05.